Pharos Restaurant Essay Example for Free

Pharos Restaurant Essay At Pharos Restaurant, the appellants worked as waitresses. The facts are set out in the fall of 1982. Platy Enterprises Ltd. is the owner of Pharos Restaurant and also manages the same. The manager of the Pharos Restaurant was the President of Platy Enterprises Ltd. During the course of her employment, J witnessed sexual advances and undesirable encounters by another employee. Her efforts of trying to stop the same were in vain. The offender was, in fact, a cook and had no direct authority over the waitress. However, it was made to appear by the manager and the offending employee, that the latter could give instructions to the waitress J. Such conduct of alleged sexual harassment persisted for more than 30 days. Thereafter, J made a formal objection to such conduct by her co-employee. Post J’s making of such an objection, the aforesaid sexual advances and harassment stopped. However, this was replaced by excessively rude and uncooperative behavior. There was a case of excessive verbal abuse and reprimand without reason. Thereafter, a complaint was made by J to the manager regarding the same. However, the manager didn’t take any steps to prevent it or mitigate it. Such conduct on part of the offending employee continued. Finally, after some time J was dismissed by the manager. G, another employee in the same restaurant, soon thereafter also found herself at the receiving end of the same problems. She, too, complained to the manager after which although the sexual advances and harassment stopped, there was a continued spate of verbal abuses and non-cooperation at work along with unjustified reprimand. She was finally terminated by the manager. Subsequently, the present appellants approached the Manitoba Human Rights Commission and filed a complaint against Pharos Restaurant and Platy Enterprises Ltd. along with its owners, agents and servants. It was found that the appellants had indeed been subject to sexual harassment at work place as per to s.  6(1) of the Human Rights Act.  Therefore, exemplary damages and those for loss of wages were awarded. This decision was appealed before the Court of Queens Bench. The Bench upheld the adjudicator’s decision except as regards the amount of damages, and held that the harassment in the instant case was not based on discrimination based on sex, and therefore the employer could not be held liable. The present appellants are challenging this order of the Court of Queens Bench before the Supreme Court of Canada. ISSUES/QUESTIONS OF LAW The following are the issues that are raised by the appellants in the instant appeal before the Supreme Court of Canada   I. Whether the type of sexual harassment to which the appellants were subjected to is discrimination on the basis of sex? II. Whether the employer can be held liable for the acts, specifically sexual harassment by its manager? III. Whether the Court of Appeal erred in reducing the quantum of damages awarded to the appellants by the adjudicator? IV. Whether the Court of Appeal was correct in ordering costs against the Manitoba Human Rights Commission in regard to the adjudicatory proceedings before it? DECISION OF THE COURT On the aforesaid issues, the Supreme Court of Canada ruled as follows   I. The type of sexual harassment to which the appellants were subjected to is discrimination on the basis of sex, and this is not changed by the fact that only some women faced such harassment. II. The employer should be held jointly and severally liable for the acts, specifically sexual harassment, of its manager. III. The Court of Appeal erred in reducing the quantum of damages awarded to the appellants by the adjudicator as this case falls under the gamut of sexual harassment and in light of the nature of the complaints, the quantum should not have been reduced. IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Court of Appeal was wrong in ordering costs against the Manitoba Human Rights Commission in regard to the adjudicatory proceedings before it. JUDICIAL REASONING Sexual harassment is prohibited by law as it affects the efficiency of an employee at the work place.[1] Further, it is a direct attack against the dignity of an individual, and cannot be tolerated in the modern society. The instant act of harassment was indeed one based on sexual discrimination as only women were at potential risk of such harassment which included sexual advances by a heterosexual male.[2] Male colleagues were not at the risk of such harassment. The employer should be held liable as when complaints were made to it by the appellants, he failed to take any steps whatsoever to improve the situation and correct the problem. This would go on to show that the employer was also conniving with the offender employee and therefore the employer’s liability would be joint and several.[4] The Court of Appeal should not have reduced the quantum of compensation as this was a classic case of sexual harassment at the work place based on sexual discrimination. RELEVANCE/IMPACT This decision of the Supreme Court sends out a strong message to the civil society at large that sexual harassment at work place shall not be tolerated. Further, sexual harassment based on sexual discrimination is an even more serious offence, and invites a higher quantum of fine. Further, all employers should make sure that no sexual harassment is taking place at their respective workplaces, failing which, they would also have to share the liability of any such offence jointly and severally.

The Secrets of Harry Bright :: essays research papers

The Secrets of Harry Bright by Joseph Wambaugh This book is titled, The Secrets of Harry Bright by Joseph Wambaugh. It was published in 1985. I have read other novels by Joseph Wambaugh. He is a very intriguing author. He has a way of capturing his audience that is paralleled with few authors. In essence, he relates his writings to everyday life woven into crime, drugs and sex. It appeals to a more mature audience, which can appreciate Wambaugh’s rough portrayal of urban life. My first thought of the book was it lacked historical significance. Upon further thought it became apparent to me that history isn’t simply war or catastrophes; it’s an accumulation of everything that has preceded the time we live now. This novel made many references to Ronald Reagan, Jimmy Carter and even William McKinley. It also viewed America as it was in the 1980’s. A time sometimes forgotten or often neglected to be mentioned. Through this novel you begin to grasp this time period and develop a sense of appreciation for it, because it did take place and is apart of our history. I believe Joseph Wambaugh is one of the forerunners in enlightening the American Public on a period, which deserves more recognition. And I believe strongly that Wambaugh set out to highlight this decade in our history and he most certainly succeeded.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mineral Springs and Palm Springs, two cities near Los Angeles, is the setting of this novel. A wealthy businessman named Victor Watson has hired to LAPD detectives to solve his son, John Watson’s, year-old murder case. John was shot and killed in his father’s Rolls Royce that was in flames when investigators arrived on the scene. No leads were ever formed and this case was never solved and eventually put to rest. Victor couldn’t deal with the stress of his son’s death, because even though he was a multi-millionaire he had lost all those he loved and was contemplating suicide. Sidney Blackpool was mentioned to be a top-notch detective and certainly the man for the job. Victor offers Blackpool a two-week, luxury vacation, and is free to do investigating as he pleases. Blackpool enlists the help of his old friend Otto Stringer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mineral Springs police department, which consists of nine men, decides to lend the two detectives any resources they need concerning the murder. They basically follow a couple of bum leads, play a few rounds of golf, and soak up the peace and quiet of their surroundings.

Black Hawk Down Analysis

In the 1990s, Somalia is undergoing a famine along with a civil war. Many civilians have died as a result of the war, and so the UN has intervened and started a peacekeeping operation there, with a base just outside Mogadishu. Unfortunately, the Somalis, distrusful of the UN, have declared war on everyone involved in the operation. In response to this, the US army deploys Delta Force to aimed at undermining the power of the president of Somalia. They plan a mission to capture Omar Salad Elmi and Abdi Hassan Awale Qeybdiid, two of the President’s top advisers.The operation is planned out, and everything seems foolproof. Before they leave however, a lieutenant is removed from duty due to a seizure, and so a less experienced soldier must take his place and lead the crew. Delta Force is deployed to capture the two men in Mogadishu, and all goes according to plan. Helicopters are flown in over the city, and they can see tires burning, which is the Somali’s signaling that the y were coming. They then convince a taxi driver to show them where the two men will be, and they go in with helicopters and armored vehicles.They successfully capture the two advisers, and wait for the extraction team to come pull them out of the hostile territory. On the way, the extraction team takes heavy fire, and one of the helicopters is hit with an RPG. It goes into a tailspin and hits a rooftop before crashing into a street. Two of the passengers in the helicopter crawl out and away, but the other two have extensive injuries and have to stay in the helicopter. Another helicopter is told to take the place of the one that went down.This helicopter is quickly shot down as well, but lands with less injuries. At this point the armored vehicles are diverted from the path of retrieving the two captured men and told to go to the first crash site, retrieve the soldiers there, and then move to the second crash site and secure it. On the way to the crash site, one of the armored vehicl es is hit by an RPG, and men are thrown out of it. The convoy stops and retrieves the wounded, but in the process another soldier is shot. Throughout the mission, the armored convoy is being given directions by a plane overhead.At this point, the confusion is too great and the directions are inaccurate. Roadblocks are being set up by the Somalis, which makes it impossible for the convoys to reach the crash sites. Unbeknownst to the ground forces, the convoys give up trying to reach the crash sites and head back to the UN safe zone, in the stadium. Meanwhile, ground forces are also trying to reach the crash sites. A group of men reach the first crash site, and set up a defensive perimeter around it, with the base inside the house that the helicopter crashed into.They attempt to treat the wounded soldiers, and hold back Somali forces. At the second crash site, two snipers are dropped in by helicopter to try to retrieve the wounded. They find one soldier injured and alive, but as night falls, both of them are killed and the injured soldier is taken captive. Under cover of darkness, the Somalis attack the first crash site, but air support from the military holds them back until help can arrive. A relief convoy arrives and rescues the wounded, but many of the soldiers are forced to run back to the stadium.As they arrive, they are greeted with hundreds of smiling and cheering Somalis. In the end, there were 19 American, and over 1,000 Somali casualties. The injured soldier that was captured at the helicopter crash site was released almost two weeks later. The two snipers that went in to retrieve the injured soldier were awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously. Soon after, the president of Somalia was killed in a battle with a rival group. The following day, the general in control of the operation resigned. In terms of accuracy, most of this movie is biased toward the Americans.In the beginning, there is a scene where the Americans are flying over the UN food supply trucks that were sent in to feed Somalia, and in this scene, Aidid’s men mercilessly gun down civilians in order to take the food trucks. In reality, that event never even happened. Throughout the whole movie, director Ridley Scott added and took away events to delude the viewer into believing that the Somalis were evil people who had no motive, and just wanted to be in control. When this war actually happened, there were two phases of UN involvement.The movie mixes them together in a way that suits its purpose. Phase one was actually a benevolent move by the UN; food trucks were brought in an attempt to feed the starving citizens of Somalia. This lasted for awhile, but not forever. Then came phase two, which was the violent phase. The US Army came in to the city with a, â€Å"military campaign to to install a fresh political system in Somalia. † The Somalians resented this. Another, more blatant inaccuracy was when the movie announced onscreen that â€Å"Aididâ€℠¢s militia first killed 24 Pakistani soldiers and then began to target US troops.†The opposite of this is actually true. US troops were targeting Aidid before the Pakistanis were killed by a Somali mob. The UN interfered with Aidid’s affairs before the events of the movie even took place. This omission of information is meant to convince the viewers that the attack on the US troops was unprovoked and aggressive, to indicate that the US was in the right and Aidid’s army was in the wrong. Also, the movie makes it seem as though this is the first time US troops had engaged in any kind of action in Mogadishu.In actuality, the Delta Force had flown in over Mogadishu many times before to harrass Aidid and his supporters. US troops â€Å"rotor-washed† houses and people in downtown Mogadishu, meaning they would hover above the town in helicopters and blow down structures with the force of the wind from the rotors. The final and most glaring piece of evidence still remains. Through the entire film, it is not explained why the US troops and Delta Force were met with such violence and antagonism on the streets of Mogadishu.The movie plot and the way the characters are presented leads the viewer to believe that the Somalians are just naturally aggressive and ferocious people. The real reason is that months before, on July 12, 1993, the dominant groups in Mogadishu held a meeting to discuss a peace proposal from a main official at the UN, Jonathan Howe. Many prominent leaders of groups opposed to Aidid were also there. During the meeting, US helicopters attacked the building that the gathering was in, and slaughtered Somali religious leaders and elders.This enraged the Somalis, and so when they met the US troops in the streets of Mogadishu, they took out their full anger and ferocity on them in retaliation for what was done at the meeting. This film is skewed to favor of the US, in order to sway viewers to believe that what the UN did was entirel y justifiable, that the Somalis have short fuses and will fight, unprovoked, at the drop of a hat. The viewers of this movie would naturally be led to have a negative attitude toward Somalia, and ultimately in future engagements, be biased towards the US military as heroically on the side of justice.The US military establishment was more than pleased with this depiction of the October 3, 1993 raid on Somalia, in which 18 US soldiers lost their lives and two Black Hawk helicopters were destroyed. As evidence, thousands of videotapes of the film were sent to US military bases abroad and the producer of the movie, Jerry Bruckheimer was widely quoted as telling General John Keane, â€Å"General, we’re going to make a movie that you and your army will be proud of. † After seeing the film, General Keane told reporters â€Å"He did that, and we thank him. †

Economists Estimate Wealth And Poverty - 1736 Words

Bishoui Fahim Prof, Brian Curtis English Comp 2 April 23, 2016 Wealth and Poverty Economists estimate wealth and poverty in many ways. The most three common measures are income, possessions (accumulated wealth in the form of money, securities, and real estate), and socioeconomic metrics. Actions in the last category go beyond financial data to account for health, food, infant mortality, sanitation, and other phases of human well-being. Usually, wealth and poverty measured regarding income. Information on income is readily available, credible, and relevant, particularly in discussing poverty in the United States, wherever the inherited wealth is a small factor, and most people live on wages and salaries. It s beneficial to think of wealth and poverty about one another. That s because income inequality is truly the underlying issue in poverty, particularly in developed countries. In the economic talk, income inequality indicates to the variation of revenue between and among several groups of people and households in an economy. Frequently the diff erences in wealth that effect people feel wealthy or poor. In a developed country, any family inside a house with indoor plumbing, decent food, and clothes, running water, and education and access to health care. This kind of life will be considered as a luxury. In the United States, millions of people who are enjoying these things are considered poor people, and those things constitute the essentials in America. In developedShow MoreRelatedPoverty in the U.S.961 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to a 2013 article in the Economist, the US currently boasts the highest post-tax level of income inequality of any high-income country in the world (Economist 2013). The nations Gini Coefficient – a measure of wealth inequality – currently stands at .42, well above that of other nations such as Switzerland and Sweden, which have Gini Coefficients of .31 and .33 respectively. Unfortunately this high level of income and wealth inequality is growing. Between 1979 and 2011, American earnersRead MoreThe Problem Of Income Inequality1159 Words   |  5 Pagessignificantly, while the low skilled workers’ incomes have been declining (The Economist, â€Å"Wealth Without Workers†). According to The Economist, real median wages have been decreasing since 2000 in half of the member countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). In the United States, there was a 4% increase from 1980 to 2012 in the share of national income that was distributed to the top 0.01% (The Economist, â€Å"True Progressivism†). Canada is facing a similar problem of risingRead MoreEconomic Inequality And Its Effects On Economic Growth1709 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween the rich and the poor. The direct relationship between inequality and poverty has shown that while inequality increases, so too does poverty. Increased inequality is harmful for economic growth and its effects also bear social implications. Although there are arguments on the consequences of wealth redistribution and its unintended impact on economic growth, wealth should be redistributed to reduce inequality and poverty, sequentially leading to more economic development and a higher standardRead MoreGross Domestic Product And Gross National Income858 Words   |  4 Pagesan inaccurate summary of a nation’s wellbeing as it neglects to account for levels of poverty and wealth distribution. As reported by the U.S. Department of Commerce5, the latest estimated values of GDP, GDP per capita, and GNI are 17.914 trillion as of the second quarter in 2015, 53,041.98, and 18,272.1 billion respectively.6 Furthermore, according to the national income and product accounts estimate of the fourth quarter in 2015, the real GDP increased at an annual rate of 0.7 percentRead MorePoverty And Poverty : America s Income Inequality1127 Words   |  5 Pagescountries in terms of wealth would be affected by the issue of poverty at such high levels. While much has said regarding the poverty levels, many economists, educators and scholars feel that the income inequality in America may be the reason why it is difficult to live and maintain a middle class lifestyle or to rise out of poverty into the middle class in the current economic state. With this in mind, the only way America, has a chance of lessening or eliminating poverty altogether is by understandingRead MoreArticle Rebuttal: Minimum Wage Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pageswage to two levels, $9.00 and $10.00 an hour. On February 18, 2013 the CBO report concluded that at $9.00 300,000 workers’ wages would rise over the poverty line; however 100,000 jobs would be eliminated by employers to maintain profitability. The impact of a $10.10 an hour minimum w age on these numbers would be 900,000 workers moving above the poverty line while 500,000 jobs would be eliminated. Numerically this seems to support the lower wage. The spokesman for House Speaker John Boehner, a RepublicanRead MoreLeaving Mexico To Fin For Its Self Even With All The Debt1373 Words   |  6 PagesBy teaming with two of the most powerful nations in world Mexicans would be able to grab hold or its own country and form a Mexico is a middle-class. businesses. As a result, modern Mexico is a middle-class country (Steffan, 2017). The World Bank estimates that some 95 percent of Mexico s population is in the middle or the upper class. (O’Neil 2013) Mexico was able to utilize its resources to help fulfil needs from the United States. This made it so there was an industry to focus the succeeding inRead MoreThe Housing Bubble During the Great Recession Essay1072 Words   |  5 Pagestechnically making profits when the house values increased; however, when the house values started to decrease, those securities became worthless, thus people were not able to pay for the house—many people had their house confiscated. As a result of this wealth loss, consumer spending decreased sharply and many banks collapsed. The U.S. government tried to combat this issue, but many of the fiscal policies they had created were controversial because of their interference in the economy. One debate sparkedRead More Nineteenth Century Industrialization in the United States Essay1439 Words   |  6 Pagesnineteenth century, the United States experienced an urban revolution unparalleled in world history up to that point in time. As factories, mines, and mills sprouted out across the map, cities grew up around them. The late nineteenth century, declared an economist in 1889, was â€Å"not only the age of cities, but the age of great cities.† Between 1860 and 1910, the urban population grew from 6 million to 44 million. The United States was rapidly losin g its rural roots. By 1920, more than half of the populationRead MoreEssay about Illegal Global Trade1137 Words   |  5 PagesThe wealthier countries exploit innocent people for economic growth and create unequal distribution of wealth, which leads to a decrease in over economic productivity and slows economic growth. Low-skilled workers in developed countries who will see a decrease in wages due to the competition that they face from low-skilled workers in developing countries who will see an increase in wages. Economists have come up with an idea that trade liberalism is the force behind the rise of inequality in the United

Essay on The Sixth Amendment - 1908 Words

The Sixth Amendment was ratified on December 15, 1791. It guarantees rights related to criminal prosecutions in federal courts and it was ruled that these rights are fundamental and important. The Sixth Amendment gives the accused the right to speedy and public trial by the impartial jury. The accused has the right to be informed of the nature and reason of accusation and also be confronted with the witness against him as well as obtaining witness in his favor. In this research paper I will provide a thorough analysis of these above rights and give some history of the 6th Amendment. The Sixth Amendment was written by George Mason, who was a mentor of George Washington. It was written just a month before the Declaration of†¦show more content†¦However, Supreme Court has never set any particular time limit which must be applied. In addition, the prosecution cannot delay too much the trial for its own advantage, but the trial can be delayed to secure the presence of the witness. If it is found that a defendants right to a speedy trial is violated, then the indictment is cancelled and conviction is subverted. The reversal of criminal case on the issue of speedy trial results in no further prosecution for the alleged offense. The reason for this right was the fact that with the passage of time the witnesses can be lost because of death, blurring of memory and other factors. However, there are also some other reasons: person in jail must be supported at considerable expense and, sometimes, even family members must be assisted as well. The guarantee of the speedy trial is one of the fundamental liberties embodied in the Bill of Rights. The right has some limitations: it is activated only when the criminal prosecution has begun and applies only to those people who have been accused during the prosecution. There are only two cases known so far in which the Court held that the speedy trial right has been violated: Smith v. Hooey (1969) and Dickey v. Florida (1970). In these cases the States preferred criminal charges against people who were already confined in prisons of other jurisdictions as aShow MoreRelatedHistory and Development of the Sixth Amendment Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesMuthu S. Weerasinghe Constitutional Law LS 305 – 01 Unit 7 Essay The Sixth Amendment of the Bill of Rights contains seven clauses that protect the rights of the accused. The amendment assures the accused that â€Å"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall haveRead MoreThe Sixth Amendment: Providing Justice for Everyone Essay731 Words   |  3 PagesThe 6th Amendment: Providing Justice for Everyone Prior to the Revolutionary War, if the British accused a colonist of a crime, he would most likely receive an unfair trial and a prison sentence. When the Founding Fathers wrote the Bill of Rights, they believed that all Americans deserved rights which the British had not given them. The 6th Amendment provides many legal rights to United States citizens that protect them from being wrongly convicted of crimes. The 6th Amendment is the most importantRead MoreThe Sixth Amendment2928 Words   |  12 PagesThe Sixth Amendment The 6th Amendment focuses completely on the rights of a person accused of committing a crime by the government. The 6th Amendment contains seven specific protections for people accused of crimes. These seven rights are: the right to a speedy trial, the right to a public trial, the right to be judged by an impartial jury, the right to be notified of the nature and circumstances of the alleged crime, the right to confront witnesses who will testify against the accused, theRead MoreImportance Of The Sixth Amendment1735 Words   |  7 Pagescreate the sixth amendment in 1789 in attempt to codify fairness. When thinking about what the word fair means, one should think of a â€Å"marked by impartiality and honest: free from self-interest, prejudice, or favoritism† (Fair). Overall, the sixth amendment was created to â€Å"guarantee the right to criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay, the right to know who your accusers are and the nat ure of the charges and evidence against you† (Sixth Amendment). This meansRead MoreFourth, Fifth, and Sixth Amendments to the Constitution Essay887 Words   |  4 PagesCJL 4064 Amendment Project As requested by the committee chair, I have examined the 4th, 5th, and 6th Amendments of our Constitution. It is imperative for the participants of the Constitutional Convention to update, and furthermore, enhance the Bill of Rights. The amendments were created with a valuable perspective on individual rights in the 1700s. Today, in 2010, our country has developed in the use of language, our principles, and our overall society. After close examination of theRead Morehearings is to further the transparency course as espoused by the sixth amendment of the2300 Words   |  10 Pageshearings is to further the transparency course as espoused by the sixth amendment of the constitution. However, the open criminal proceedings are at the discretion of the judge because there are some trials that touch on national security or where minors are involved. During this deliberation, the judge is informed by the first amendment of freedom of press and speech, but these rights must be weighed according to prevailing circumstances. In such cases, the judge will issue order barring the mediaRead MoreMy Cousin Vinny : Truth, Justice And The Gambini Way968 Words   |  4 Pagesremain silent, anything may be held against the individual in a court of law. â€Æ' During the interrogation, Bill Gambini was not aware of his present charges nor his right to obtain an attorney, in addition, proceeded to be a violation of his sixth amendment right. This is a contrast due to the experience of a detective whom would not violate any constitutional right to insure that the case is unshakable. The Beechum County Sheriff’s Department obtained a coerced confession from Bill Gambini, anotherRead MoreCase Analysis : Crawford V. Washington944 Words   |  4 PagesEvid. 804(b)(3) (2003)† (Id. at 40). The defense objected to the use of this evidence in court because it violated his Sixth Amendment right â€Å"to be confronted with the witnesses against him† (Id. at 40). The trial court allowed the evidence to be admitted by citing an earlier decision, in Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U.S. 56 (1980), that the Supreme Court’s description of Sixth Amendment rights did not bar the prosecution from admitting a statement from an unavailable witness, â€Å"†¦ if the statement bears â€Å"adequateRead MoreDavis V. Washington ( 2006.990 Words   |  4 Pagesof Davis v. Washington (2006), the Supreme Court needed to decide on whether or not a statement that is made to law enforcement personnel during a 911 call or at a crime scene are â€Å"testimonial† and would thus be subject to the requirements of the Sixth Amendment’s Confrontation Clause. The case begins with a call made to a 911 emergency operator that was quickly disconnected before anyone was able to speak a word. The 911 operator, most likely following policy, called the number back. When the callRead MoreWho Is A Criminal Offender?1542 Words   |  7 Pagesthe history of the S ixth Amendment, information on self-representation process, individuals charged with a felony who use pro se, court cases dealing with pro se, and lastly laws in Virginia pertaining to criminal pro se defendants. Sixth Amendment First and foremost the criminal justice system is what it is today due to the first ten amendments to the Constitution that was ratified on December 15, 1971, also known as the Bill of Rights (Worrell and Moore, 2014). These amendments set the pathway for

Removing Barriers For Mental Health Services For Veterans

Policy Brief Temple University Donna Lea Wiggins Removing Barriers to Mental Health Services for Veterans Summary Rates of trauma and mental illness are reported to be disproportionately higher among American veterans, especially those of the recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The barriers to care after civilian reentry further disadvantage this already vulnerable population. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have been the longest sustained US military operations since the Vietnam era, sending more than 2.2 million troops into battle and resulting in more than 6,600 deaths and 48,000 injuries. Veterans are at risk mental health challenges, as well as family instability, elevated rates of homelessness, and joblessness. Veterans have disproportionate rates of mental illness, particularly posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance abuse disorders, depression, anxiety, and military sexual trauma. Context of the Problem †¢ More than a half million veterans in the United States are homeless at some time, and on any given night more than 300,000 are living on the streets or in shelters. †¢ Nearly 50% of combat veterans from Iraq report that they have suffered from PTSD. †¢ 40% of veterans report problem alcohol use. †¢ According to estimates from 2010, approximately 22 veterans died as a result of suicide each day in that calendar year. †¢ Studies indicate that 56% to 87% of service members experiencing psychological distress after deployment report that they did notShow MoreRelatedVeterans With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2330 Words   |  10 Pagesmillions of veterans that have served this country by leaving behind their world as they once knew it, thank you. Entering the world of a soldier comes with a culture of warriors who are taught and trained to be ready to kill, but also ready to save, heal, and comfort (Hansen). Sergeant Hansen served in the United States Marine Corps for nine years and was deployed three times, once to Iraq and twice to Afghanistan. He was honorably discharged in April of 2014, however like many other veterans, his militaryRead MoreRural Veterans Face A Special And Alarming Set Of Social Justice Issues Essay2348 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Rural veterans face a special and alarming set of social justice issues related to healthcare. Overall, there are 5.3 million veterans residing in rural communities (Office of Rural Health, 2016). A total of 44 percent of those who enlist to serve in the military hail from rural areas of the United States (Gale Heady, 2013). Regardless of their bravery, upon returning to civilian life these honorable men and women are met with social justice issues and limitations when attemptingRead MoreHomelessness Among American Veterans Research2029 Words   |  9 PagesHomelessness Among American Veterans Research Paper An issue that has been around for decades which still remains in the United Sates today is homelessness among veterans. Vanessa Turner has a story that needs to be heard by many. As a homeless veteran, Turner joined the U.S. military in 1997 and later, proudly advanced to the rank of a sergeant. In 2003, Turner suffered from a traumatic injury while serving in Iraq. In suffocating 130-degrees fahrenheit heat, Turner fell into a coma and nearlyRead MoreEffects Of Remote Home Safety Assessments1675 Words   |  7 PagesPopulations Fall-Related Injuries Falls and fall-related injuries have a significant impact on the elderly population. One out of three older community-living adults fall each year causing a deteriorated quality of life, suffering, need for care, increased health care expenses, and decreased productivity (Quigley, Palacios Spehar, 2006). According to Al-Faisal (2006), one half to two thirds of these falls happen in the older adult’s home, and are usually a result of unsafe home environments. Many experimentsRead MoreThe Homelessness Epidemic Of Homelessness1958 Words   |  8 Pages approximately 564,708 people were homeless on a single night in January of 2015 in the United States (â€Å"The State of Homelessness in 2016†). It is estimated that 250,000 people who suffer from Mental Health illnesses are homeless (Torrey). Providing affordable housing, and access to mental health services for the homeless population are essential components to end the homeless epidemic. Homelessness can be defined as individuals that do not have a permanent residence to return to at nighttime, areRead MoreThe Local Task Force2007 Words   |  9 PagesThe focus of the local task force was primarily the physically handicapped incurring the handicap or disability at the age of twenty-six or later. However, the task force should not overlook the cognitive, intellectual, mental, sensory, and developmentally disabled. For example, nurses with experience in psychiatric, geriatrics, intellectual, and developmental disability can ensure this population is not neglected (Joel, 2006). In preparation for the potential opposition by the U.S. Chamber ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Law Enforcement1644 Words   |  7 PagesThere is a significant health issue facing the public as well as law enforcement every day, suicide. The numbers surrounding suicide are shocking effects people of all backgrounds. In the year 2010 more than 38,000 adults committed suicide. Then in 2011 around 1 million adults admitted to attempting suicide, while 8 million had serious suicidal thoughts. Law Enforcement officers are at an even higher risk then most due to experiencing such a large number of risk factors. These factors include butRead MoreCulture And Diversity : The Clinical Case Is Not A Minority1526 Words   |  7 Pagesand chronic mental illness is difficult for one to manage, but it also includes substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care costs, which may be an increased shortcoming for minorities who may not have adequate resources (Kilbourne, et al., 2005). Kilbourne, et al . (2005), agrees as they mention that the management of bipolar disorder appropriately heavily relies on accurate assessment and effective treatment. The minorities discussed in this article consisted of females, veterans, races (BlackRead MoreWhy Women Should Not Be Allowed in Combat Occupations Essay2026 Words   |  9 Pagesdifferences, there is also the increased risk of sexual assault. Due to the detrimental impact on the military, soldiers, and society, women should not be allowed in combat occupations. A major change in the military came in 1948 from The Womens Armed Services Integration Act, the act formed a force of women in all the military departments. This is considered a step in the right direction while also being responsible for current combat restrictions. Until 1948, women had a volunteer role which did notRead MoreU.s. 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The Causes of Wwi Free Essays

The long-term causes 1. Colonial rivalry-competition for even bigger empires 2. Balkan nationalisim-the desire of the Slav peoples of this area to join those in the empire of Austria-Hungary 3. We will write a custom essay sample on The Causes of Wwi or any similar topic only for you Order Now The arms race-competition for bigger armed forces and more armaments 4. The Anglo-German Naval Race 5. Kaiser Wilhelm II and German militarism 6. Alliance system-The Tripple Alliance and the Triple Entente The immediate cause of the war 1. The assassination of Franz-Ferdinand 2. Russia’s backing Serbia made war more likely 3. German backing for Austria was crucially important Colonial rivalry-competition for even bigger empires Competition between the Great Powers in Europe to gain colonies plays an important role in causing the WWI. By the beginning of the twentieth century, many great powers in Europe has built up their empires by holding colonies or ares. This is known as imperialism and as means when a country takes over new lands or countries and makes them subject to their rule. Many countries such as the British Empire were at the peak of their industrial revolution and their developments of industries were huge. When industrialism occurs, countries need foreign markets to sell their increase in goods. Great Britain had the the largest number of colonies in the world so that King George V was also the Emperor of India and ruler of many other lands overseas. The great Empire took up nearly a quarter of the world’s land surface with 390 million of population of the colonies in 1914. And also France has the second largest empire in the world with colonies in Africa, the Far East and Indo-China. Those large number of colonies improved Britain’s and France’s dominance over the Europe and made them powerful and influential. The Germans were left with some small and commercially marginal colonies. There was a great deal of jealousy in Germany in regard to the British and French empires. The King of Germany , Kaiser Wilhem envied the mighty Britain Empire . He decided that Germany too must have colonies overseas, which would helped him expand the German Empire and provide Germany with a market for her growing industries. It would also be a status sybol showing Germany’s greatness and gaining it respect. ( Furthermore, Britain in particular, used its navy and merchant navy to dominate overseas trade, which also provided a source of irritation to the Germans. The Germans embarked on a program of massive naval spending in order to create a navy capable of challenging Britain’s domination of the sea. This caused considerable concern in Britain and tensions between the Germans and the Britain. Once the trigger was fired, the assassination of the Archduke, Imperialism directly led to a naval arms race between the two countries. Causing the disparity of the power of diff erent countries ,competition and tension between countries to grow , the Colonial rivalry made countries willing and eager to join World War I, which was seen as an opportunity to gain colonies and reshape the world. Therefore, German declared war on Russia and mobilized her army when Russia refused to send troops to help Serbia and other countries joined in the War later. On 5 August, all the great powers of Europe were at war with each other, WWI broke out. Balkan nationalism-the desire of the Slav peoples of this area to join those in the empire of Austria-Hungary Balkan nationalism is also one of the important factors of the outbreak of WWI. The Balkans is the area of south-west Europe and it was the powder-keg or trouble spot of Europe. This area had once been part of Turkish Empire. It was inhabited by Slav peoples such as the Serbs, Bulgarians and Romanians, who were able to rule themselves. Many nationalities were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire but Serbia wanted to unite all Serbs within a greater Serbia. The Slav peoples of Balkans desired those in the empire of Austria-Hungary to join with them. Russia regarded herself as the protector of these Slavs since they shared a common nationality. Austia-Hungary feard losing not only the Serbs but also other Balkan nationals so that Austria-Hungary wanted to take over the states of this area to preserve of this empire. It brought increasing rivalry between Russia and Austria-Hungary. When Austria started war with Serbia, Russia ordered the Russian army to prepare for war in order to help the Slavs of Serbia on 29 July, which started a countdown to the biggest war, WWI. German sent ultimatum to Tsar Nicholas to order him to stop mobilizing but Russia refused to accept and so Germany declared war on Russia , mobilizing her army. As France was an ally of Russia the French government ordered the mobilization of the French army on 1 August. Many other great powers joined the war later so that WWI broke out on 5 August. Causing the tension and opposition between Russia and Austria-Hungary to rise and making the mobilization of Russia which started the countdown of the war,the Balkan nationalism made the war likely to happen. Therefore, the Balkan nationalism was one of the factors of the outbreak of WWI, The arms race-(competition for bigger armed forces and more armaments) The arms race also contributes into causing the WWI to break out. By the beginning of twentieth century , great powers in Europe have started to rival with each other through building up the size of their armed forces. Each major power in Europe except Britain had trained a huge army of conscripts, which means young men forced by law to become soldiers for a year or so. These armies could be mobilized at a moment’s notice. In the period 1900-1904 the main European powers more than doubled their spending on their armies. From 1872 to 1912, Germany increased more than 300% of her armaments spending when Russia increased more than 250% with Italy, Great Britain, Austria-Hungary and France around 100%. Guns , shells, bullets and other weapons had been stockpiled in case of war. Ever more destructive weapons were being developed and improved, such as the machine-gun and huge field guns. The increases in spending of armaments caused the military rival between countries to rise. The arm races increased tension between the Great Powers. They felt threatened when others increased its army and gained stronger weapons so that they competed with each other through making their military power stronger with a rolling ‘snowball’ effect. It made the war more likely since country increased its army and weapons it became more confident of success in a future war and more willing to test out their armed forces. When Austria started war with Serbia after the assassination of Franz-Ferdinand, Russia backed Serbia as a starting point of countdown of WWI . More great powers joined the large-scaled war soon later since they were confident and well prepared to compete their military powers. WWI broke out on 5th August 1914. Increasing the tension and competition between countries and accelerating the coming of the war , the arms race gathered all great powers together and made the war faster and more possible to happen. Therefore, the arms race was one of the most important factors of the outbreak of WWI. The Anglo-German Naval Race The Anglo-German naval race was also one of the factors of the outbreak of WWI. Before WWI,Great Britain had the most powerful naval in the world, which was her Royal Navy. The navy which outgunned and outnumbered all other navies not only protected the Empire and trade, but also prevented foreign invasion. At the same time, Germany had the world’s best army but Kaiser Wilhelm, but the German reluer would like to compete with Britain so that it began to build a fleet of battleships to rival the British Navy in 1898. Britain were not worried about the growth of the German fleet too much at first since they had enormous lead. However, the introduction of the powerful British ‘Dreadnought’ battleship in 1906 changed all this. The dreadnought was faster, bigger and had a much great firing range than existing battleships and this super-battleship made all previous battleships obsolete or out of date. This allowed the Germans to begin building ‘Dreadnoughts’ on equal terms with Britain. A race developed between two countries to see who could build the most. In 1909 Britain had 8 Dreadnoughts to Germany’s seven. This naval race poisoned the relations between the two countries and was the main bone of contention between the two right up to 1914. When Germany was preparing to invade Belgium, the British sent her troops to protect Belgium from attack. British sent a telegram to call Germany to back her army. With no reply from Germany , the Britain started war with Germany and from then, all the great powers of Europe became at war with each other. On 5th August, 1914, WWI broke out. By worsening the relations between Germany and Britain and causing rival and tension between them to rise, the Anglo-Naval Race made the war between the two more likely to happen and it became a part a WWI. Therefore, the Anglo-Naval race was one of the factors of the outbreak of WWI. How to cite The Causes of Wwi, Papers