Human Service Agencies Essay

Human service agencies are formed by and for the public. As communities grow and change, the need to respond to the demands of these dynamic societies also increases. Not only does the society lay itself open to positive opportunities, it is also exposed to the negative drawbacks of this dynamism. In fact, there are so many social issues that individuals alone cannot resolve. These are matters concerning the society that need sufficient and appropriate attention also from the society. These agencies do serve as intermediaries between solutions to problems and individuals, families, and societies. There are many issues that individuals, families and societies have that need communal action. I believe that these important issues include the most rampant problems nowadays encountered by people. Even the simplest problems like underage alcoholism, drug dependence, compulsive gambling, widespread crimes†¦ these are social issues that need immediate attention. Issues starting in individuals or within families also necessitate consideration. Some of these are problems of child and women abuse, violence within and outside families, severe and persistent illnesses, including contagious ones, severe emotional disturbances experienced by people, and the like. I think, these ‘simple’ matters must be acted upon immediately by service organizations like human service agencies. This is to mediate and assure proper assistance to individuals and families, thereby assuring their safety, peacefulness, health and wellness, and the society’s as well. I also believe that there are no least important issues, as long as individuals or families, or members of the society are involved, they are considered issues that must be resolved†¦ immediately. I arrived at this standpoint because I myself am a member of this society. Directly or indirectly, I rely and I may rely in the future in these human service agencies for betterment, improvement, protection and the like. And I must not be concerned only about myself but also about the welfare of the whole society.

2.5 Food Saftey Essay

Directions: Complete the food safety interactive quiz. Use the information from the interactive quiz to complete the following responses regarding food safety practices. For each of the following food safety practices, share at least 2 statements from the interactive quiz. Be sure to put these statements in your own words and explain why they are helpful in preventing food borne illness. An example would be: When dining from a buffet, make sure hot food is hot and cold food is cold. Food that is 40 – 140 degrees Fahrenheit has already begun to grow bacteria and pathogens. See more: Experiment on polytropic process Essay Clean (16 points): 1.Keeping your surfaces clean after cooking or letting an animal sit on it. 2.Keeping your hands clean keep you from getting ill. Separate (16 points): 1.When cross contamination happens it spreads bacteria from one item to a food item which will make you sick. 2.Keep raw meat and their juices away from cooked or ready-to-eat foods and fresh produce. Cook (16 points): 1.If food is left out for 8 hours, the food should be thrown out. When bacteria have nutrients, moisture, and favorable temperatures, they grow rapidly, increasing in numbers to the point where some types of bacteria can cause severe illness Cook thawed food to a minimum internal temperature to kill the bacteria. Chill (16 points): 1.When cooked food is left out for too long it can grow bacteria that can make you sick. 2.Freezing to 0 degrees F inactivates any bacteria, yeasts, and molds present in food. In your own kitchen, explain 2 food safety practices you feel your family can improve and 2 food safety practices you feel your family does well. (16 points) In my house our kitchen counters are perpetually dirty; at least that’s how I feel about it. Every time I walk into the kitchen there dirty and it’s kind of hard to tell who did what cause were a large family. There’s also the problem with closing bags that hold our food after they grab some of the food. For example the for the cheese container, when they make their sandwiches the leave the cheese container open in the refrigerator causing the cheese to go bad at a faster rate. I do have to say when it comes to cleaning dishes we are immaculate. No spot is left on or glass wear and sliver wear. We also are very particular when it comes to cleaning the stove (gas burner), flat top, and indoor grill. In what ways do your school and community practice or promote food safety to contribute to your personal health? (20 points) I can’t really say there’s anything. Our school promotes healthy eating but, I don’t eat school lunch. My community is really into recycling and making sure our streets and beaches our clean if that counts but that’s pretty much it. 2.5 Food Saftey Essay Directions: Complete the food safety interactive quiz. Use the information from the interactive quiz to complete the following responses regarding food safety practices. For each of the following food safety practices, share at least 2 statements from the interactive quiz. Be sure to put these statements in your own words and explain why they are helpful in preventing food borne illness. An example would be: When dining from a buffet, make sure hot food is hot and cold food is cold. Food that is 40 – 140 degrees Fahrenheit has already begun to grow bacteria and pathogens. Clean (16 points): 1. Keeping your surfaces clean after cooking or letting an animal sit on it. 2. Keeping your hands clean keep you from getting ill. Separate (16 points): 1. When cross contamination happens it spreads bacteria from one item to a food item which will make you sick. 2. Keep raw meat and their juices away from cooked or ready-to-eat foods and fresh produce. Cook (16 points): 1. If food is left out for 8 hours, the food should be thrown out. See more: Strategic Management Process Essay When bacteria have nutrients, moisture, and favorable temperatures, they grow rapidly, increasing in numbers to the point where some types of bacteria can cause severe illness Cook thawed food to a minimum internal temperature to kill the bacteria. Chill (16 points): 1. When cooked food is left out for too long it can grow bacteria that can make you sick. 2. Freezing to 0 degrees F inactivates any bacteria, yeasts, and molds present in food. In your own kitchen, explain 2 food safety practices you feel your family can improve and 2 food safety practices you feel your family does well. (16 points) In my house our kitchen counters are perpetually dirty; at least that’s how I feel about it. Every time I walk into the kitchen there dirty and it’s kind of hard to tell who did what cause were a large family. There’s also the problem with closing bags that hold our food after they grab some of the food. For example the for the cheese container, when they make their sandwiches the leave the cheese container open in the refrigerator causing the cheese to go bad at a faster rate. I do have to say when it comes to cleaning dishes we are immaculate. No spot is left on or glass wear and sliver wear. We also are very particular when it comes to cleaning the stove (gas burner), flat top, and indoor grill. In what ways do your school and community practice or promote food safety to contribute to your personal health? (20 points) I can’t really say there’s anything. Our school promotes healthy eating but, I don’t eat school lunch. My community is really into recycling and making sure our streets and beaches our clean if that counts but that’s pretty much it.

The Pros and Cons of Not Vaccinating Your Child Essay

The Pros and Cons of Not Vaccinating Your Child - Essay Example Vaccination against the highly prevalent infectious diseases is necessary to protect the individual from acquiring the disease and eradicating the disease from the whole community as well as stopping its further transmission. Many goals of eradicating particular infectious diseases have been attained by mass vaccination programs. In 1980, the WHO eradicated small-pox worldwide by a mass vaccination program. In 1988, WHO, resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis by vaccination. The number of cases world-wide has fallen from 350,000 to 1651 at present (Colledge et al 2010). Vaccines are associated with a number of risks and they are also associated with certain risks. However, the vaccines are also associated with a vast number of benefits. Many parents question the safety and effectiveness of vaccinating their children and show concern about the adverse effects associated with it. Proper and adequate awareness should be provided to the parents so that they can make a healthy decision for t heir children after analyzing the pros and cons. The optimal benefits and risks associated with not vaccinating the children should be analyzed before providing immunization to the children. All vaccines are associated with side-effects and most of them are either minor or very rare. The CDC develops a Vaccine Information Sheet (VIS) that contains all the relevant information regarding the vaccines. The parents should be provided with VIS so that they are fully aware of the side-effects and do not panic in case of post-vaccination effects. The most common side-effects associated with the vaccines are fever and redness and swelling or infection at the site of the injection. Rarely, headaches, weakness or tiredness and rash also develop in the children. Seizures, coma, Gullain-Barre and death are very rare adverse effects of vaccination and are least expected. There are certain contraindications of vaccination and these children should not be immunized. Children with suppressed immuni ty because of any disease or disease related treatment should not be vaccinated at all. There are high chances that they will respond poorly to the inactivated vaccine agents. Any allergies to the vaccine components are also a contraindication for vaccine administration. In such cases of contraindications, it is recommended that prevention of the disease is attained through other preventive measures (Hansel 2012). The side-effects of vaccination are different for particular vaccines and parents should attain complete awareness before putting forward their children for the vaccination programs. However, the benefits of not vaccinating children are not huge and it is important to protect your children from the prevalent infectious diseases. The benefits of the vaccines have been evident since the past 100 years from the eradication of the variola virus, control of the polio and measles infection and the reduction of many vaccine-preventable diseases. However, the benefits are reducing as the vaccine-preventable diseases are becoming rare or have been eradicated. Although MANY diseases have been controlled in United States, outbreaks of certain diseases like measles have brought forward the benefits of vaccines. Researches showed that children who were not vaccinated had 35 folds greater risk of developing measles as compared to

Does John Stuart Mill succeed in reconciling the concept of justice Essay

Does John Stuart Mill succeed in reconciling the concept of justice with utilitarianism - Essay Example Justice that is balanced essentially relies on the properties and forms of freedom. Such properties are the associated â€Å"natures† of the theory of liberty, the driving forces, the spheres of influence, the limitations and the causes that make one either to give value to freedom or to find it objectionable. Dependence and independence reflect two different acts of any human being. However protective measures are required for existence of too much of independence such that a solution to â€Å"a condition for justice† may be obtained. The provision for human resources reflects two different principles; one that is â€Å"process-freedom† and explains the freedom of benefiting from one’s activities requiring â€Å"self ownership†, while the other principle presents the case of â€Å"shared equally† the benefits obtained. According to the modern theories of justice, utilitarianism as well as some other solutions, provided by Gauthier and Nash, necessitates the perception of a â€Å"cardinal utility† such that differences in the levels of utilities may be explained or compared. Justice has been known to be a virtue that assists the feeble against attacks from the stronger society of people. Initiation of states, laws and religions were particularly for the purpose of establishing justice in a society. Justice intends to aid the weaker section of people by protecting them and helps to strengthen those who are strong. Justice can be described as an accomplishment that is â€Å"in accordance with the laws†. It aims to benefit both the weaker and the stronger sections of people in a society by means of â€Å"just laws† with which the strong may rule (Barr & Club, 1932, pp.19-20). Justice is considered as reverential when â€Å"it values a justiciable’s situation because the justiciable values it† (Kolm, 2002, p.31). The ethical evaluation of justice and its judgment depends on a set of variables that include social and ethical values for justice (Kolm, 2002, pp.31-32). Study on Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism has been conventionally u nderstood as â€Å"most good should be done†. Although this view is in support of few philosophers like John Stuart Mill, there are several other opinions that charges to state that this principle is not attuned with what justice or fairness demands in distributing benefits to all sections of people in a society. Laws that necessitate impartiality in profits distribution â€Å"are best in the long run† and thus should be thought of without initiating maximization of benefits in certain circumstances for particular sections

Management of IT Governance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management of IT Governance - Research Paper Example The ISO standards that apply globally cover a very wide range of consumer goods from manufactures. Anything that a particular manufacturer decides to do must have proper documentation of the whole process regarding non conformance disposition to show the justification of the action and the proper performance of the action. Compliance to FDA is mandatory for all manufactures in the life sciences and the other related industries. On the other hand, manufactures in the non-life sciences, though they comply with the various federal directives, they strictly adhere to the standards set by ISO. This can either be voluntary to enhance the reliability of their products or to comply with the requirements of the countries where they intend to sell their products. Among the directives enforced by FDA, the two, which have the most significant effect are the 21 CFR Part 820 ant the 21 CFR Part 211 that all require the application of a quality management process. 21 CFR Part 211 that is applicable to all pharmaceutical corporations, covers all aspects of development and manufacture of drugs, right from the personnel, the processes and to the distribution. Among the basic requirements of the regulation are records and reports. Pharmaceutical companies require quality management processes, which are compliant and efficient in order to maintain the required records and reports. The 21 CFR Part 820 that applies to companies dealing with medical devices, requires the presence of controls in the process of designing, documentation, manufacturing as well as production. It specifically requires the implementation of a quality management system that is appropriate for the particular medical device. FDA provides a definition of what it makes up a quality m anagement system and specifies the records, which the manufacturer of the medical device must maintain (Carpenter, 2014).

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 15

International Business - Essay Example ompanies targeting either India or China for the expansion of their businesses at present because of the immense growth potentials in these countries. India and China are two countries which escaped from the current financial crisis without much damage. It is not easy for a company to set up business in an overseas country because of the various challenges they may face in the target country. Human resource management is one of the core functional areas the offshoring organizations should consider in their business strategies. This paper assumes that Microsoft, the American operating system/ computer software manufacturer is looking to establish a subsidiary unit of Microsoft in India. The various aspects of human resource management issues Microsoft may face in India is briefly explained in this paper. Microsoft is one of the best examples of a monopolistic firm of the current century. No challenge at all for Microsoft in most of the countries in which they operate. In fact other companies like Intel forced to make microprocessor chips compatible for the smooth operation of Microsoft’s Windows based operating systems. In other worlds, Microsoft’s monopoly forces even other companies to dance with the tunes composed by Microsoft. Even though nobody has any doubt about Microsoft’s abilities in controlling the software industry all over the world, there is no guarantee that it may become successful in every country if it overlooks the customized needs of each country. For example, India and China are two different countries compared to America and business concepts, organizational culture, behavior, and environment in these countries are entirely different from that of America. Microsoft needs to formulate customized business strategies for both of these countries, if they want to excel in these countries. India is a secular democratic country and the second largest country in the world as far as population is concerned. Moreover India is recognized as one

The use of Cloud Computing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The use of Cloud Computing - Research Paper Example In the traditional computing practices, a system administrator or IT manager would be charged with the duty of ensuring that every employee has an appropriate hardware or software that they require to carry out their day-to-day activities. The role goes past purchase of computers for everybody. The system administrator has to acquire the necessary software and software licenses for the employees to have all that they need. Arrival of a new employee would prompt for a need for purchase of new software and to establish whether the present software license is permissive of an additional user. Cloud computing introduces a practice aimed at having just a single application loaded and eliminating the need to install suite software for all organization-owned computers. Such an application permits employees to be logged into a set of Web based services that host the programs or data needed by the employees for the routinely operations (Furht & Escalante, 2010). By definition, cloud computing refers to an attempt to store and access programs or data over the web other than your computer hard drive or have the hard drive-stored data synchronized certain information that is resident in the web. Different businesses resort to different cloud services. Businesses are at liberty to choose Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) or Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS). In SaaS, A business will make subscriptions for all applications accessed over the internet. In PaaS, business are involved in the creation of a custom application intended for use by everyone in the company (Stanoevska et al. 2010) and in IaaS, the business provides a back bone to be let out to other companies. Cloud computing provides a series of advantages to an end user and businesses of varied sizes. Described under this section are some advantages that cloud computing offers from the perspective

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Research Paper Example In 2007, Singapore was able to generate $9.4 billion USD in tourism revenue which makes up three percent of the country’s entire gross domestic product (Research and Markets 1). This growth in tourism is sparked by the development of the National Tourist Offices operated by the government, with a variety of strategic alliances with such companies as the airline Cathay Pacific and Singapore Airlines (Riege and Perry 1294). It was only recently that the government recognized that casino gaming could represent a significant marketing opportunity to boost more international interest in tourism. There has been significant social disparity occurring in Indonesia about the viability and economic benefits of casino gambling which has, until just recently, prevented development of casinos as part of a new tourism philosophy. In 2011, petitioners asked the Singaporean Constitutional Court to declare certain provisions and regulations to be held unconstitutional that had, previously, pro hibited gambling in any form in the country. At the same time, government has been attempting to elicit foreign investment from major hospitality companies to develop and launch casino gambling as a means of improving its competitive marketing position internationally. This conflict stems from concern over the many low-wage citizens in the country, believing that casino gambling would detract from their quality of living. However, despite these concerns, the government and the court systems have relaxed the many strict regulations prohibiting gaming in this fashion, thereby allowing development of the first casino gambling facility in 2012 in the city of Bintan. The only major player in the gaming operations in Singapore is Malaysia-based Landmarks Bhd., an investment holding company operating a diverse portfolio of hospitality businesses internationally. The Las Vegas Sands, one of Landmarks’ largest shareholders, has been integral in petitioning the Singaporean government t o allow development and relax regulatory pressures denying such construction. Upon development of the Landmarks’ gaming project, it is expected that total revenues stemming from gaming will increase 16 percent to $30.3 billion (Hin 2). The social impact of gaming in Singapore is substantial. There is evidence that low-income citizens in the country maintain social characteristics that will ultimately lead to gambling addictions. Some have even turned to criminal behaviors as a means of sustaining this addiction, which has concerned many Singaporean citizens (Global Voices 2). These social concerns have, and still continue to, conflict the process of rapid gaming development in this growing country with much more economic influence today than in previous years. As previously identified, there are conflicting laws associated with casino gambling in this country. The Constitution clearly prohibits gambling in any format in the country, however representatives of the government c ontinue to amend the Constitution and create new, regionally-based policies that seek to overturn these prohibitions. However, such amendments require intervention with voting citizens both regionally and nationally-wide, again conflicting the process of securing long-term contracts and agreements for casino development and other associated hospitality organizations devoted to promoting tourism and economic growth. The Singapore conflicts associated with disparate laws and regulations illustrates a marked difference from

Short Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Short Report - Assignment Example HPV can be classified into high or low risk depending on the likelihood of the infection causing cancer. Low risks once in a blue moon lead to cancer while on the other hand, high risk has the possibility to cause cancer but it’s not automatic for it to lead to cancer. Skin warts: these are commonly known as plantar or flat warts. The major cause of these warts is the low risk type infections. Genital warts: this is caused by type 6 and 11. This is a low risk type. Cervical dysplasia: this is a term used to refer to the scratching of abnormal cells caused by the HPV in the women’s’ cervix. Cervical cancer: HPV 16 and 18 are the major causes of this disease. HPV does go into the body through which in turn it infects the cells in the layers of the skin. Later on due to cell division, they undergo mutation leading to multiplication of the virus infections in the body. One can stay for a very a long time before realizing that he or she is infected with the HPV due to the time duration it takes from infection stage to the time when the wounds appear. HPV is transmitted through skin-to- skin contact. For example, HPV that causes skin warts can be transmitted through a body cut. However, the risk of transmission is low. It is important to note that individuals who walk barefooted in public places such market places, or gym are likely to be infected by the different types of HPV that cause plantar warts. HPV infection that causes genital warts is most infectious and is transmitted through sexual activity by a person not infected with an infected person. During their acts such as kissing or being in touch with the skin of the infected person on the infected areas such scrotum, vagina, vulva or anus and having sexual intercourse can lead to contracting the disease (Oregon Immunization Program 2008). At times most infections go unnoticed due to lack of symptoms through which they can be identified with. In this regard, the disease can remain in

Nursing theory and its application in nursing practice Research Paper

Nursing theory and its application in nursing practice - Research Paper Example eory is essentially a description of how culture care is an essential part of a nurse’s understanding of patients, and how a myriad of cultural factors can improve the care that a patient receives (Leininger, 1988). The main definitions acquired from the theory are care, cultural practices, wellness, and illness; all the factors that influence the health of an individual. The relationships put forward by Leininger indicate that a nurse’s understanding of the cultural care received by a patient goes a long way in determining the rate at which a patient acquires wellness from illness. An appraisal of the theory indicates that it is simple enough to understand, since the factors presented in the theory are interrelated and linked. The arguments presented in the theory are clear for nurses and what they need to do to improve the health of their patients. The theory can be generalized to include all classes of patients, including all illnesses, since the cultural practices applied are universal. This theory can be considered contagious for many classes of students, researchers, administrators and all the players in the health industry. The above assumption lies in the fact that the theory is generally applicable in most fields of health care, and can be used interchangeably with other nursing theories to find the best solution for illnesses. The administrators in the nursing field, especially administrative nurses, can use the points mentioned in the theory to improve both in-patient and outpatient care, since the cultural care practices mentioned in the theory are universal. The usefulness of the theory is found in the applicability to different nursing models, since it presents a rational outlook for both practice and research. This assumption is arrived at after considering the importance of a deeper understanding of patients’ needs and backgrounds, which indicate the importance of extra care. For a patient’s illness to be cured, a nurse has to apply the

Quaid-E-Azam Essay Example for Free

Quaid-E-Azam Essay Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Statesman was hatched inKarachion the 25th Dec, 1876. His antecedent, Jinnah Poonjah, was a big distributer ofKarachi. Though a very sumptuous businessperson, Mr. Poonjah desirable to devote virtuous pedagogy to his son and book him absent from acting. Mr. Mohammad AH Solon received his proto instruction inKarachiandBombay. He passed his Mesmerize Scrutiny in 1891. In his schooltime days he was very painstaking in his studies. He observed the rules of correction. He was also really punctual m attending. All these nibbed to his incoming greatness. For his complete qualities, he was really often cherished by his teachers and fellow-students. His fathers person, Mr. Federick Croft, revealed signs of a enthusiastic man in him. He advised his hypostasis to transfer him toEnglandfor higher studies. Accordingly Mr. Statesman socialist forEnglandin 1892. There he was admitted into theLincolnsInnand obtained the laurels of Bar-at-Law. Mr Statesman stayed in England for tetrad period. He premeditated the ways of the Humanities people. He was rattling more impressed to maturate that all of them, colourful or bad, admired their motherland. There he came low the influence of a loyal Asian, Dababhoy Nooroj. After having successfully through his teaching, Mr. Jinnah returned to Indiain 1896. At that second his fathers concern was not gushing fountainhead. So to get money for the kinfolk, he started practise inKarachi. But he could not do cured. He left Karachi and went to Bombay to try his hazard there. Here, too, his practice was unsharpened for leash geezerhood. At worst, he conventional the couple as Ordinal Administration Magistrate of Bombay. But he was overconfident that he would do excavation as a lawyer. So he gave up the copulate after any experience minute he was established as a distinguished attorney. His laurels spread far and stretching. In 1905, Mr. Solon came in snuggled communication with Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Mr. Gokhale was then the president of the Amerindic Soul Congress. Shortly he became its most copernican person. He was titled the Ambassador of Hindu-M .turn Unity. But he was disenchanted in 1930. For he then realised that the only objective of the Congress was to give Religion judge inIndia. He, thus, distributed himself from the Congress. He devoted himself in organising the Muslims. The Muslims were then at their lowest ebb-politically, socially and economically. His,, leadership, kindled a new-imagination among the frustrated Muslims. He created semipolitical cognisance among the Muslims of India. It was due to his management and leaders the Muslims regained their confidence. Each and every Moslem responded to his clarion exact. And they, with one line demanded a asunder Declaration was adoptive. The try for Pakistan is a tale of a uninterrupted essay against a boniface of obstacles and it was his con trol and activity which provided for us a bulwork of posture at these tall nowadays. The creation of Pakistan was due to the untiring receive and zeal of Quaid-i-Azam. He won Pakistan by his irrefutable arguments. He is titled the Ascendant of the Nation. For similar a theological, he acquired a land for us. Tho in destroyed health, he had to get the prime Governor-Generalship of Pakistan. He died in attach on the 11th Sept, 1948.

Link Between Oppression And Social Labelling Sociology Essay

Link Between Oppression And Social Labelling Sociology Essay As a member of a minority group this subject is something of interest and has personal relevance to my experiences living in a pre-dominantly white society. The absence of appropriate Asian role models in the media such as television, films, history, newspapers and in positions of credible political and economic influence, stimulated a natural process of personal questioning of identify. The social labels which surround us either positive or negative shape our perceptions of self and influence the kind of decisions we make. If we dont understand the social fabrics of society in which self is developed and do not nurture a genuine inquiry into how oppression functions, we end up living those social labels. Some of these can be harmful and cause us to become disadvantaged even to the point of oppression of ourselves. It could be argued that this is an unlikely phenomena but psychological oppression is a well-researched and uncontested concept amongst academics. I am simply referring to and naming what it really is, internalised self-oppression. This paper will attempt to examine the discourses and ideas which shape and influence our understanding of oppression as well as establishing a link between this and social labelling. Oppression as a concept has a very broad meaning and relates to different forms of minority groups in different ways. In this paper I will explore the relationship of oppression drawing on various forms of resources and information to support a particular perceptive. It should be recognised that oppression is not exclusive to race but impacts on other groups such as women, disability, age, sexual orientation and class with varying degrees of intensity and differences. However, for the purposes of this assignment I will specifically focus on the concept of race. I will present the four key criterias of oppression presented by Ann Cudd in her book Analysing Oppression (Cudd, 2006) and then focus on the effects of social labelling as phenomena. I will present a view that in order to understand oppression w e must also understand the social systems, structures and influences that facilitates internalised oppression. My conclusion will aim to provide some suggestions towards highlighting how to end oppression and limit or reduce its effect on individuals who are exposed to the dynamics of oppression. Defining layers of oppression History literature books document oppression in different ways from religious repression, class differences, poverty and wealth, language and knowledge just to name a few (Kernohan 1998). Oppression is traditionally understood to relate to the loss of freedom, free choice, independence and capabilities due to actions of those in positions of power (Wartenberg 1992). Half a century ago, if asked the question what is oppression, many would refer to slavery or colonialism. In this day and age there is a greater understanding and awareness of oppression. Iris Young a respected author on the subject of power and oppression highlights how oppression has a much broader understanding making reference to systematic and structural phenomena that are not necessary the result of the intentions of a tyrant. Oppression in the structural sense is part of the basic fabric of a society, not a function of a few peoples choice or policies(Young, 1992, p. 176). In this respect oppression can be consider ed to be in the psychological and behavioural patterns of every member of society including those who are well meaning individuals whether they are aware of it or not. Oppression as we once thought of is far more subtle, as Jean Harvey explains civilised oppression involves neither physical violence nor the use of law. Yet these subtle forms are by far the most prevalent in Western industrialised societies (Harvey, 1999, P. 1). Recognising different forms of oppression means decoding cultural and societal norms which do not clearly categorise or has a clear distinct oppressor. We all contribute to oppression in different ways and perpetuate forms of harm consciously or unconsciously, either to ourselves or to others (Harvey, 1999). Ann Cudd helps us to explain this further by outlining four key criterias which are necessary and appropriate in increasing our understanding of oppression: Oppression must involve some sort of physical or psychological harm, though it may not be recognised as harm by the ones who are oppressed (Cudd, 1994, p.25). So harm can be imposed without being self-conscious limiting ones freedom of choice relative to other in ones society (Cudd, 1994, p.25). Oppression is a kind of harm that individual members of group suffer by virtue of their membership in that group. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦harm that comes to persons because they belong to a group that they closely identify with, so that the harm attaches to their very self-image (ibid). Individuals are not oppressed as individuals but due to their membership to a specific group, such as race, gender, disability or sexual orientation. Keith Vaz MP might not be considered as being oppressed although black men in society are. He has the same limitations as other black men who have less power in society and will have obstacles to cross that other white men take for privilege. The third criteria, is what Cudd refers to as the privilege group (Cudd, 1998). She makes the point that an individual who has membership to a group which benefits from the oppression is advantaged by their association and status. However, not every individual member of the group will be intentionally or knowingly benefiting but they gain from the membership to that group. Oppression must involve some kind of coercion or force ((Cudd, 1994). Coercion is the lack of ability to make free choice. Cudd goes on to explain that coercion is not the absence of all choice, but a lack of the right kind of choices, namely, voluntary choices (Cudd, 1994, p. 27). Cudd suggests that this is what explains injustices of oppression. A further dimension My concept of oppression will focus on Ann Cudds coercion criteria with some variation. Not all coercion might be considered immoral as an explanation towards injustices of oppression. There are other forms of oppression, more subtle kinds which equally are not coercive such as psychological oppression. Prilleltensky and Nelson make reference to Sandra Bartky who states To be psychologically oppressed is to be weighed down in your mind; it is to have a harsh dominion exercised over your self-esteem. The psychologically oppressed become their own oppressors; they come to exercise harsh dominion over their own self-esteem. Differently put, psychological oppression can be regarded as the internalisation of intimations of inferiority ((Isaac Prilleltensky, 2002, p. 13). In this respect there is no force or coercion; individuals will have the ability to make free choice in making decisions, so the lack of voluntary choice is not affected. Individuals who are psychologically oppressed become their own persecutors. The options are available to them but they are only likely to make decisions and choices which their culture or community demands of them. There are other forms of elements of oppression at work which are dynamic, fluent and interact, as oppression doesnt occur in isolation but many forces come together in order to hold people in a state of oppression (Frye 2005). Oppression is well documented throughout history and in literature. Particular references are made to slavery of the treatment of African slaves, the holocaust and the suffering and torture of European Jews. The systematic discrimination against sexual minorities including gay and lesbians ((Cudd, 2006). The disproportionate use of stop and search against black minorities being seven times more likely to be stopped by the police compared whites ((Muffler, 2006). The above examples make reference to the way in which physical ill-treatment is used to subjugate particular groups of people. However, the most efficient and effective way a society can propagate oppression is by a system of non-physical means transforming into a process of what we call negative labelling or commonly referred to as stereotyping. There are many studies undertaken which highlight the effects of stereotyping on particular groups. This includes how these groups of individuals self-categorise themselves into positive or negative stereotyping which either way leads to negative and damaging effects. Michael Hogg refers to a study undertaken by Jost and Elsbach suggesting the link between stereotyping and power differentials as a negative force within social relations which results in distortion, control and false awareness of the oppressed groups reality ((Hogg, 2002). The element of control is imbedded into the consciousness of the individuals being stereotyped. Altshuller refers to the following quote by Jost and Banaji those with power can control ideas, beliefs, and stereotypes in the same way they control other social and material resources and can thereby instil a false consciousness in the powerless such that the powerless become complicit in their own disadvantage ((Altshuller, 1999, p. 325). The weak becom e accepting of their position of being oppressed and psychologically become their own oppressors by self-limiting their opportunities and life chances. Cudd makes the following point, it is not that they (the psychologically oppressed) will prefer oppression to justice, or subordination to equality, rather they will prefer the kinds of social roles that tend to subordinate them, make them less able to choose, or give them fewer choices to make (Cudd, 2008, p. 114). There has been varying degrees of research analysing the relationship between oppression and stereotyping which support findings that individuals who are negatively stereotyped adopt the stereotyping. This in turn sets into motion self-defeating beliefs which develops into limiting factors in accessing life opportunities. In a study conducted by Devos and Banaji they refer to how stereotyping leads to a type of phenomenon that results in self-stereotyping ((Banaji, et el, 2005). However, stereotyping distorts the reality of the lived experiences of individuals who are being stereotyped. Sayers suggests that the media influences our perceptions and that these perceptions then influence our behaviour towards stereotyped groups (Sayre, 2009, p. 318). So for example if we see a rebellious young teenage black adolescent, we may perceive him/her as having a violent culture in comparison to a white civilised European culture. Instead of challenging institutional oppression we use blame to shift the focus of responsibility (Cudd, 2006). Stereotyping can be damaging in other ways. According to the theory of stereotype threat ((Laurie A. Rudman, 2008) the existence of such stereotypes means that anything one does or any of the ones features that conform to it make the stereotype more plausible as a self-characterisation in the eyes of others, and perhaps even in ones own eyes (Steele and Aronson, 1995, p. 797). A further dimension to stereotyping is direct situational threat that arises through negative stereotyping. This relates to the risk of being treated or judged in a stereotypical way or even perhaps self-fulfilling the stereotype. Immediate situational threat is another result of the negative stereotypes against a group. That is the threat of the possibility of being judged or treated stereotypically, or even self-fulfilling the stereotype. This stereotype threat, according to Stangor, Can befall anyone with a group identity about which some negative stereotype exists, and for the person to be threatened in this way he need not even believe the stereotype. He need only know that it stands as a hypothesis about him in situations where the stereotype is relevant(Stangor, 2000, p. 370). There are many studies carried out exploring the relationship between stereotype threat and poor intellectual tests (Weiten, 2012). Different people will react differently to situational threat. Individuals will either blame themselves for their lack of achievements or internalise inferiority, both of which leads to lowering their rank and status in society (Aronson, 1995). Internalising the blame leads to individuals not feeling they have the ability or confidence to succeed, therefore they are likely not even to make any attempt. So for example, I have always wanted to paraglide. It might not be in my capabilities, so have never tried and never will. However, it will not affect my life opportunities, impact on my quality of life or leave me in an oppressed social status. Nevertheless, self-blame could cause to decrease and lower quality of life. If self-blame is used for our lack of success on our incapacities, it would make it problematic to identify and challenge institutional op pression. Self-blame is the final ingredient in maintaining oppression. Realigning the balance In order to redress the balance, there are different ways to overcome oppression in culture and attain a more egalitarian society. This requires personal commitment in challenging oppressive structure. It requires re-structuring of established institutions and the thought processes that influences them. It is helpful to remember that simply making policies to encourage change does not help, although policies give some direction reflecting where society is going, it does not simply promote social justice and reduce oppression (OConnor, 2003, p. 20). It is not a far-fetched view, that stereotyping is used to justify all kinds of harms on groups of individuals. Harm causes damage to ones ability. Therefore any harm that violates ones self and their development of human ability is a violation of universal and human rights (Nussbaum, 2001). The impact and effect of negative labelling attacks and destroys his/her sense of self image by violating their experiences. This violation occurs not only physically but through years of training and being subject to negative messages, instilling a false consciousness and it is this which results in oppression. All human beings have a right to live free of physical and emotional violations which results in any form of harm. Each individual has the right to dignity, self-worth, and to maximise their internal potential without the fear of abuse. Through self-stereotyping, if we lack the confidence that we do not have abilities then we are less likely to pursue and develop our capabilities. However, simply having basic human rights is not sufficient to bypass the harm which oppression causes. Challenging cultural dynamics, religious practices and social norms which create the kinds of conditions for oppression to flourish should be confronted through education and providing information enabling individuals to make decisions and choices that do not violate their sense of self. Developing influential role models that advocate and develop a collective identify regardless of their individuality can assist in developing images of credible and honourable representatives. Such individuals would help to counter the negative portrayal of groups which are likely to be exposed to some form of negative labelling. Conclusion The path to ending all forms of oppression is by far not an easy journey. More often than not minority leaders rarely challenge the structures or the system but instead they adapt to increase their own access to power. It is not uncommon that many minority leaders holding positions of influence create an impression of equality of opportunity which is reassuring to the privilege groups. However, this kind of representation could be damaging to the oppressed groups, as it distorts the reality of the oppressed, ignoring the very real problem with cultural oppression. This has the risk of overlooking the conditions and social problems which keeps people in their underprivileged positions. Rather than focusing on readdressing the system, oppressed groups are ridiculed, blamed and stereotyped for their circumstances (Segal, 2009). To overcome the impact of self-stereotyping, simply ending social stereotype is not enough. More needs to be done to increase individuals ability and self-worth, so that every member of society can enjoy their true human rights. Social conditioning starts at a very early age, which defines our identity and the realisation of our ability or the lack of it. If we focus on countering the destructive stereotypes in our communities, then drawing our attention at children when they are young might be a start. This would include improving the quality of education and funding for the schools, but also ensure that funding is distributed equally to avoid creating a culture of differential treatment. Education of adults is another element which would assist in reducing oppression. What is needed here is effective training that not only focuses on the future members of society but also on those individuals who are affected by oppression and stereotype threat currently. In this exists the challenge and the goal at reversing the stereotypes and reconstructing individual capabilities. Re-establishing and re-developing the undermined capabilities is our primary task here. Education which raises the awareness and empower oppressed groups should benefit from public support. There is no doubt that education itself is not just simply a cure to a complex range of dynamics such as oppression but it remains the most firmly established institution towards seeking restoration. An educational method originating and centred from the experiences of the oppressed is what is needed. In his book, Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Paulo Freire gives the following quote: Just as the oppressor, in order to op press, needs a theory of oppressive action, so the oppressed, in order to become free, also need a theory of action. The oppressor elaborates his theory of action without the people, for he stands against them. Nor can the people-as long as they are crushed and oppressed, internalizing the image of the oppressor-construct by themselves the theory of their liberating action. Only in the encounter of the people with the revolutionary leader-in their communion, in their praxis-can this theory be built (Freire, 2007, p. 183). Having leaders with integrity and institutional support are the necessary elements in the ending of oppression. Greater understanding and awareness should be developed into making individuals motivation independent from the negative identities, so that we have a society that is built on strong ambitious people. As part of a broader community, restructuring the capabilities which have been damaged and developing people to an equal threshold of using their potential and capabilities. Encouraging positive perceptions of identity would result in opening up many different possibilities and experiences which is critical in undermining the negative patterns of thoughts and feelings which result in internalising the oppression. Reducing the patterns of oppressive thoughts would be one of the first challenges towards making progress in ending all forms of internal and external oppression.

Is It Advertisement Manipulation Media Essay

Is It Advertisement Manipulation Media Essay Advertising plays a crucial role in the world that we live in. Every day, the media expands and thousands of magazines, TV commercials, radio stations and newspapers are released. Advertisement is found in every single one of these Medias. It is important because it helps individuals know what products are popular on the marketplace. As a college student, I myself am very influenced by advertisement. I come across ads on the internet, on the radio, on television, and on magazines. But are these advertisements really helpful to the consumers or are we just being manipulated into buying a product? This question deserves to be examined because millions of people are being affected by advertisement each and every day. They might not even realize that advertisers use psychological techniques in order to persuade the consumer to buy their product, and eventually change their spending and living tendency. Before I could focus on the advertisers psychological techniques, I first needed to find out about the ethics of advertisement. I started my research by reading a news article, Precious Information or Vicious Manipulation, from Ezine Articles, to give me a simple understanding of it. Each different commerce has its own rules for the ethical requirements. There are, however, four marketing communication requirements that every industry has to follow which include legal, decent, honest and truthful (Yordanof). One of the interviewed individual quoted the most successful companies do not need ethics in their activities because they have built empires. He also stated, sooner or later whoever is not ethical will face the negative consequences. One of the most the most contentious matters in the marketing communications market is the quality of advertisements. Three area of interest in terms of ethical decision of advertisement have been distinguished as: individual autonomy, consumer sovereignty, and the nature of the product. The individual autonomy refers to the advertising to young children, consumer sovereignty refers the level of information and superiority of the indented consumer, and as for the nature of the product, well, it speaks for itself. Needing more in-depth information on how advertisement affects young children, I turned to The Washington Post newspaper and read a short article entitled Information or Manipulation. It is said that spending on advertising for children has increased five-fold in the last ten years and two thirds of commercials during child television programs are for food products (Bergadaa 2007). Young children represent 24 billion dollars worth in the marketplace (McNeal 2007). Research from the American Psychological Association show that children do not have the ability to understand whether a commercial is reliable or not, therefore they are truly impacted by them. They are not able to comprehend the true message behind an advertisement and therefore believe it is truthful, accurate and unbiased which can lead to unhealthy eating habits as evidenced by todays youth obesity epidemic (Mayer 2004). Advertisers spend over 12 billion dollar a year on commercials intended for children. Research shows that a child watches about forty thousand television commercials a year. Roberts and Pettigrew exposed that 28.5 hours of childrens television programming sampled contained 950 advertisements (sec.12). Advertising industry officials believe that parents should be able to explain the advertisements truthfulness to their kids because most of the ads are on junk food, sodas, and candies. Advertisers rely on the parents to be cautious and say no to their young children. They do not see the psychological difficulties parents face to constantly be responding negatively to their childs requests, said Dale L. Kunkel. However, some countries have more harsh rules against children advertisement which I quote from this report: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sweden and Norway do not permit any television advertising to be directed towards children under 12 and no adverts at all are allowed during childrens programmes. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Australia does not allow advertisements during programmes for pre-school children. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Austria does not permit advertising during childrens programmes, and in the Flemish region of Belgium no advertising is permitted 5 minutes before or after programmes for children. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sponsorship of childrens programmes is not permitted in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden while in Germany and the Netherlands, although it is allowed, it is not used in practice. (McSpotlight). In Daniele Pradas article Advertising: Manipulation or Information, advertisement is considered information. Some commercials actually provide you with scientific facts and much more. Have you ever seen the commercial about smoking? Our society is trying to enlighten everyone about the effects smoking will have on you because we know it is a bad tendency that can cause cancer and eventually lead to death. In that case, advertisement is used in order to convince people to stop smoking before it is too late. The advertisers usually present the facts, and throw in a quote that will make the consumer ponder. One very famous reflective phrase is, Children of parents who smoke, get to heaven earlier (Anti-smoking). We all have seen above the influence commercials which usually target adolescent and young adults. This advertising campaign conducted by the Office of National Drug Control Policy provides commercial in order to prevent the use of drugs and to encourage parents to discuss it with their children. Each of these commercial shows what it means to be above the influence in its own unique way. The Above the Influence campaign appears to be successful because it taps into the desire by teenagers to be independent and self-sufficient, Slater said. A recent study done by the Ohio State University, shows that Above the Influence campaign seems to have successfully reduced the use of marijuana by adolescents. On the other hand, some people feel that advertisement is pure manipulation and that it plays with our feelings. To captivate our attention advertisers use famous artists, sports, music and fancy images. They use crucial values to influence people of purchasing something or doing something. In his article, Alan Harris believes that this manipulation is viewed as a type of foregrounding. His definition of foregrounding was a linguistic process in which some elements, such as words, phrases, sentences, stressings, intonations, or the like are given prominence or made more meaningfully significant by the communicator/language-user, in this case the creator(s) of a print advertisement. In other words, a lot of elements are used in order to convince the consumer to buy a product or service. Millions of people are being manipulated each day Most of the beautiful aspects promised in ads are most of the time not true. For example, can buying a specific type of detergent really make the clothes brand new? I think not! But advertisers would do everything in their power to convince you that their detergent is the best and would restore your clothes to brand new. The advertisers around the world are able change the way people live and change their spending tendency. This is the main reason why advertisers spend an incredible amount of money on advertisements. According to the General information article, it is estimated that the price of a product may go up for up to 40% due to advertisement costs. Advertisement encourages the individual to be one step ahead of everybody else that is why they will tell you that their products is better than the others. Another way to captures the consumers attention is sexual arousal because they know that sexual need is one of the most powerful desire in a human. In her article, Mwende says, Government should establish institutions that will scrutinize and ensure that the commercials and advertisements do not merely cheat people callously. It should make sure that people are not manipulated, cheated, lied to or exploited by unscrupulous traders. As I wrap up my research, I notice that advertisement can be both positive and negative. I now understand how it can both be viewed as information or manipulation to certain people. However, my question still cannot be answered because I believe that I would have to do more research on the psychological part and how advertisement affects the mind. I want to know how an advertisement is processed through a ones brain. In order to be able to answer my question, I want to explore this issue further.

The Management of Stress Essay -- Game Plan, Unhealthy Diet

Everybody has at least one thing in common. Can you guess what it is? If you guessed, heartbreak, you’re right, but that’s not the answer I’m looking for. The correct answer is stress. Everyone has stress in his or her life at one point or another. It’s one of many inevitable parts of life. Whether it’s busting out a research paper for Psychology at the last minute, expecting your first child to be born, to making sure you’re up in time to catch the Saturday morning cartoons, it’s clearly evident that everyone goes through stress. The real question is, how is stress handled in our society? A person is defined by how they handle the stressors in their lives and how they overcome stressful moments. This paper will explore the aspects of stress management; hoping to help others in their times of stress. To fully understand stress management, one must understand the natural stress response. When a person encounters a perceived threat, the hypothalamus, a tiny region located at the base of the brain, sets off an alarm in their body. Through a combination of both nerve and hormonal signals, the system prompts their adrenal glands, located at the top of the kidneys, to release a surge of hormones which include adrenaline and cortisol. The adrenaline causes an increase in the heart rate, thus causing an increase in the blood pressure and energy supplies of the individual. Cortisol, which is the primary stress hormone, creates an increase in sugars which are known as glucose in the bloodstream. This enhances the brain’s use of glucose and decreases the availability of substances that help repair tissues. This alarm system also communicates with regions of the brain that control moods, motivation, and fear. Once the perceived threat has p... ...uestion? Works Cited America’s #1 Health Problem. (n.d.). Retrieved from The American Institute of Stress website: http://www.stress.org/americas-1-health-problem/ Borchard, T. (2010). 18 Ways to Manage Stress. Psych Central. Retrieved on December 1, 2013, from http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2010/06/23/18-ways-to-manage-stress/ Chronic stress puts your health at risk. (n.d.). Retrieved from Mayo Clinic website: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/stress/SR00001 Heissman, K. (2012). Stress Management Practices: What Works and What Doesn’t. Psych Central. Retrieved on December 1, 2013, from http://psychcentral.com/lib/stress-management-practices-what-works-and-what-doesnt/00011942 Stress Management: How to Reduce, Prevent, and Cope with Stress. (n.d.). Retrieved from Helpguide.org website:http://www.helpguide.org/mental/stress_management_relief_coping.htm

The Simularitesof Two Worlds :: essays research papers

Stewart 1 The Similarities of Two Worlds   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Do we have such poetry in our age, as John Donne and the Seventeenth-Century Metaphysical Poets? Yes, but we tend to limit ourselves to the very best works of a very few figures. When poetry is much more than what chosen artists portray. It is a challenge to look squarely and see beyond the obvious features of things. Sometimes real poetry is hidden beneath a rock, such as the work of Earl Simmons also known as D.M.X. Earl Simmons has an emotional climax of a trip through the subconscious of young people. By opening himself up in his works, D.M.X. believes he can save the souls of those he cares about through God. In an anglican manner, Earl Simmons and John Donne works are similar by merit, love, and religion. Both artists have used poetry to explore their own identities, expressing their feelings, and most of all, they have used it to deal with the personal experiences occurring in their life. The world has changed a lot since the seventeenth-century but many ideals have stayed the same as we can see through Donne and Simmons.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In efforts to save man, Donne tries to uncover the foes of man that may lead to down fall. He explicitly states that the foe of man should fear is the devil. The second foe that Donne refers to is the love of flesh or Stewart 2 temporal pleasures. This can be recognized in a verse paragraph from Satire III. Donne writes, Know thy foes: the foul Devil, he, whom thou Strivest to please, for, hate, not, love, would allow Thee fain, his whole realm to be quit; and as The world’s all parts wither away and pass, So the world’s self, thy other loved foe, is In her decrepit wane, and thou loving this, Dost love a withered and worn strumpet; last, Flesh (itself’s death) and joys which flesh can taste, Thou lovest; and thy fair goodly soul, which doth Give this flesh power to taste joy, thou dost loathe. Seek true religion. From this section of Satire III we can see temporal and metaphysical foes are Represented.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As Donne, Earl Simmons’ work has quality and virtue. Simmons attempts to warn people of the trickery of the devil in his work entitled Damien. In Damien the devil uses the speakers love of the flesh and worldy

Organizational Theory Applied to the Retail Industry Essay -- Essays P

Organizational Theory Applied to the Retail Industry PART I Introduction Antonio’s, as it will be referred to for confidentiality purposes from here on in, is a retail shoe store that operates in Fredericton, N.B.. It is part of an open system. This company originated in Montreal, Quebec. The head office is now located there and retail outlets are located throughout Canada, the United States and parts of Europe. The market in which this company operates may be considered a division of the fashion industry. This industry is known for being highly competitive and dynamic. Also for obvious reasons many companies within it concern themselves with company image. This particular shoe company has been in existence since the early 1990’s. Antonio’s has grown significantly and is currently a leader in the shoe industry, even on an internationally level. It produces quality shoes at a reasonable price. From its beginnings until now Antonio’s has been operating in the formation stage. This company has met with great success, though, and has grown quickly. It now faces the task of moving into the growth stage. Antonio’s must be careful in managing every aspect of its company now in order to survive. Since the industry in which Antonio’s operates is very image oriented a key issue in moving from the formation to growth stage that must be discussed is company culture. In this situation â€Å"managed† (as it is referred to in its most popular definition) means changed. In order to manage the company culture through the move from stage to stage in the life cycle of this organization the culture within the current stage, the formation stage, must be discussed. The culture, in my opinion, must be managed as it currently has a negative impact on the organizational effectiveness. The organizational effectiveness as a result of culture must analyzed in order to determine if in fact it does have a negative impact on the company, if so, it must be managed for the sake of the company’s survival in the growth stage. PART II Analysis of current company culture The current culture existing in Antonio’s organization is effective according to most of the strict definition meanings. It is not particularly strong, this is because most organizations which are young or have constant turnover (Antonio’s finds both of these things to be t... ...ething so shallow as their appearance. Thus in the long run they are indirectly and unintentionally promoting organization decline by doing this. PART III Conclusion In my opinion the main problem that exists within this organization is the fact that Antonio’s fits into a certain aspect of the Competing Values approach mentioned above to a greater extent than need be. They take organization culture too far despite the fact that it is very well fitted to its industry. My experiences there as an employee were not all negative yet many I did have made me feel very unappreciated and worthless within the organization. A stress on this particular type of culture results in high turn over. This will ultimately lessen the chances of survival for the organization as it moves through the stages of the life cycle. If this culture persists, Antonio’s will be run by disloyal employees who purposely defy it costing them time and money in the long run. It will have a damaging effect on their so preciously held reputation and this will not fair well for them considering the competitive nature of the fashion industry. Bibliography: Robbins. Organizational Theory

What You Have Learned About Why We Assess Young Children

Consider what you have learned about why we assess young children. Based on pages 31–33 of  Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning  and the video segment â€Å"Overview of Assessment†,† briefly explain the importance of developmentally appropriate assessments. ANS: There are different importance of developmentally appropriate assessments that I learned from our text. As a teachers we can not assume every age are the same or makes an assumption about their development and learn style.It is very important to identify which area each child need special help and set a goal on how we can help them out. Assessment help teachers to set a goal for each child in their care. Assessment information can used as communication log in a meeting with other staffs or with parent in a conference. Policymakers, the early childhood profession, and other stakeholders in young children's lives have many shared responsibilities regarding effective assessment (NAEYC & NAEC/SDE, 2003, p. 4).Using the information presented on pages 3–6 of Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning, explain the responsibilities of each of these groups in ensuring effective assessment. ANS: As a professional child care our responsibilities to ensure an effective assessment is to identify the make issue that we are trying to help each child on. Set a goal and programs that can help to improve their literacy and development. After the assessment teachers should use the appropriate assessment methods on each child.Share their results with the children, their parent and others staffs. Also as the text stated â€Å" developing valid pupil grading procedures which use pupil assessment. Parent,policy makers and the general public; with the accountability are expected to report their procedures and they are sensitive to children progress make sure children do well on their accountability tests. The test to this result are available to e veryone from teachers, parent to general public.Professionals must have detail information to present to other for children with special needs. Teachers must be sensitive to children from different culture because their ways are different from United States systems. Most children are going to have their first experience in speaking English in their classroom among their peers and their caregiver. Assessment must be done in the right way to achieve the right goal for each child in our care. Each child approaches, interacts, and processes their world in unique ways.Effective assessment takes this uniqueness into account through sensitivity to individual abilities and linguistic, social, and cultural differences. Review pages 18–23 of  Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning, and explain, using examples, why sensitivity to each of these factors is such an important component of effective assessment. Then, summarize the role fair and impartial assessment plays in achieving this sensitivity. ANS: The reason why each of these factors on assess all children fairly is because children with disabilities are special in their own ways.Even though they may not fit in the category of their peers but they are still required to be challenges and have the right activities put in place for them. Other other hand many children here in United States are from diverse homes. And as a teacher we must be sensitive to children culture and their belief and value. Children that comes from different background from us may speak different from us and act in a different way, but we should judge them and understand everyone act and do things differently. Because culture influence the way children thinks, the way they interact with people around them.Example: in Nigeria we are taught to always response to people that are older than us as â€Å"yes, ma'am† to never ague with adult is a way to show respect. Assessment information help teachers to identi fy which areas children needs help and it can be used as communication tools among staffs or other professional child care. However right assessment method must be use on each child to achieve the right information that I needed for each child. Reference Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning

Microenvironment Customer Analysis Essay

Potential customers are the key to the success of our product. In this analysis, we divided our customers into two subcategories: Individual Customers: The new trend in the hygiene industry is naturally made products as we live in a more health concerned era. There are people who are against the negative effects of chemicals in products that we use in our everyday lives, therefore there has been an increase in demand for organic products. Because of this increasing demand; in newspaper articles, on television programs and on the internet people are trying to share their natural homemade remedies. In the news we read about people who explain why they would never use shampoos or soaps again for all the chemicals they put inside and how they affect the general health. They will be our target customers. Our product is all natural, just like they want. The only difference is that instead of people making it in their houses; we will mass produce it and make it easier to access due to diffe rent ingredients that are not really easy to be found. Other than the product being completely organic, our promotion will focus on the charity work we will do with this product regarding poor people. Thus, not only the health concerned people but also the people who care about the society will be targeted. People who would like to help the homeless can do so by buying this product. Our potential weakness here is that we may not be able to promote the product as fast as we want to. It may take some time for the target customers to know about this product. Another potential weakness can be that people may approach our product with suspicion. We plan to overcome that by medical reports regarding the product. Business Customers: We are planning to promote our product to non-profit organizations that help the poor people. As it is quick and relatively cheap, it can be used not only by the homeless  people but also really poor families and children. This will create a good image for our brand and actually help people in need. We know that i t is really painful and hard for people in our country after natural disasters such as earthquakes. They become in need of really simple things and hygiene can be a part of that. Therefore we plan on targeting organizations such as KÄ ±zÄ ±lay to help the people in need by using our product. The amount of refugees living in camps in the cities of Turkey is really high. They are also in need of basic hygiene products that can be used dry. Also out of our country borders, there are people who live in really poor countries and face with many diseases because of the lack of water and hygiene. Some Turkish organizations help the people in other countries but we plan on reaching the Turkish offices of well-known global organizations as well. After the agreements with the Turkish non-profit organizations, we can have an extension to foreign markets that can help the homeless people in other countries that are having problems finding clean water or hygiene related issues. One potential problem here is that we may not be able to profit from the sales to non-profit organizations. There are two possibilities: first, we may have the most of our profit from the sales to our individual target customers by selling them with higher prices. Second possibility is that the sales to organiz ations can be so high that we would not need to change prices much. Our main goal will be planning the prices accordingly for the individual customers and organizational customers in order not to have any issues regarding the continuation of production. Also the sales to non-profit organizations will be used as a tool of advertising to help the product gain recognition. This can lead to an increase in prices later on. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS: A General Overview of the Competitive Position in the Turkish Market for Hygiene and Personal Care Products Industry Currently, and as shown by internet websites about exporters and importers of waterless cleaning products in Turkey, the products in the Turkish market consists mainly of dry waterless washing of cars and carpets. There are no products for body and hair. Therefore, we can assume that there is room for a successful market penetration if we choose the right strategy. We are operating in the hygiene industry. Therefore, we can think that our direct competitors would be the other hygiene companies which are already producing the regular body and hair care products. Indeed, even though they do not  produce dry products such as the one we are offering, they are both the materials as well as the big size, which would enable them to produce it after its launch with cheap costs. When we look at the hygiene market in Turkey, we find the usual international players such as P&G, Unilever, the Body Shop, and so on. However, the market is characterized by a strong presence of Turkish companies as well such as Komili, which belongs to YÄ ±ldÄ ±z Holding, Dalan, which is one of the biggest producers and exporters of soap and personal care products in Turkey, as well as EczacÄ ±baÅŸÄ ±, which is one of Turkey’s biggest Holdings, among others. In addition, there are some multinational companies such as Colgate Palmolive who decided to invest in Turkey through an acquisition of HacÄ ± Åžakir, one of Turkey’s most famous soap producing companies. When we talk about competition, we also need to think about the ways of distributing the products. Very few companies produce and distribute their products on their own. Usually, those companies have their own shops and are international franchises such as the Body Shop, Body Care, Douglas, and Yves Roch er, among others. Most of the other companies prefer to sell their products through outlets such as Boyner and YKM, which are enabling customers to compare the products of many brands at the same time. Some other companies prefer to sell their products through super/hyper on the hygiene and personal care parts of some super/hyper markets such as P&G and Unilever. All of those companies are relatively big and established ones. They have a strong brand name and market positioning. They also have an existing customer base and distribution chains. Producing and distributing our products by our own would therefore be not only difficult, but very unsustainable as the big players in the market would soon take on the idea if they find it profitable. We believe that the best way to counter the big competition is to try to find the market leaders, negotiate with them, and persuade them to add our products to their product range and distribute it in their stores or through their regular distribution channels. MACROENVIRONMENT DEMOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT: Trends, Opportunities and Threats The demographic environment is of major interest to marketers because it involves people, and people are the customers of our product. The population is growing during these years and the large population poses both  opportunities and threats. Our major purpose is to identify the demographic trends and developments in order to exploit the opportunities the market offers and avoid or overcome the threats we face in the market environment. In order to build a customer-driven strategy we need to analyze the changes in age and family structures, geographic population shifts, educational characteristics and population diversity. The age structure of the population is changing and our product should exploit the new market trends. For example, the so called â€Å"baby boomers† (people who were born after the World War II) are still the wealthiest generation, but they are becoming more sensitive to environmental problems, preferring green and cheap products. This could be an opportu nity to exploit in order to face the severe competition. Another part of population is made up by the â€Å"Generation X†, which is becoming more careful about prices and quality of products. These people grew up in the Internet era, and they are highly connected by using smartphones and tablets. Our strategy should exploit this opportunity by advertising our product online and creating online pages and blogs through which customers can interact and share their opinions. We have to regard also the new generations which consider technology as a way of life and, because of unemployment and financial crisis, they are becoming more sensitive to prices. Another important trend is the geographical shifts and migratory movements between and within countries. People are moving from big cities and metropolitan areas to suburbs and micropolitan areas, away from congested places. Such population shifts are very important because people in different regions and areas buy different products. Now customers are more careful about regional and local products and their purchases are often influenced by this factor. Therefore our customer-driven strategy has to exploit this trend by differentiating our product from the others not only in term of natural ingredients, but also in term of local f eatures. Further during these years the population is becoming better educated in developed countries; therefore the rising number of high-educated people will affect what customers buy and how they buy. But in many emerging markets, like in the third-world countries and undeveloped nations, people continue to live in bad conditions, without sufficient education and hygiene. Our product could be viewed as an opportunity for this base of consumers, for example for homeless people, refugees all over the world and people who are not able  to take a shower because of lack of water. Lastly, countries are becoming more global and people from different nations and cultures are often mixing together into a single, more homogenous whole. However, many of these groups have maintained their diversity in term of ethnic and cultural differences. Therefore marketers need to keep in mind the features of the new global markets but at the same time valuing and respecting diversity between different cultures. For example, our strategy should include specially designed ads to one or more of these groups. We should also diversify our promotion programs in order to take advantage of these differences and make our customers more involved in our marketing plan. -ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT: Trends, Opportunities and Threats The economic environment is an important macro environmental force that has a strong impact on every industry, especially in developing countries such as turkey. After the global recession, which occurred in 2009, the Turkish government has been working hard in order to stabilize the economy of the country. By effect, the GDP grew by 4% since 2009, now measuring 820 billion dollar, making it the 17th country worldwide. The stabilization of the economy has raised confidence in investors, which are very much welcome from the government to make direct investments. Also Customers are more willing to spend money and this is leading to an increase in shopping, mainly in big cities such as Istanbul, Ankara and Ä °zmir. This trend is very positive for our prospective, since the retail industry is one of our main selling markets. Since the economy is more stable, we are able to make more accurate forecasts about the market, and making relevant decisions about the price and the other four Ps of Marketing (Promotion, Place, and Product). In fact we can make better decisions about the quantity of products we need to produce and how we are going to promote it, since more people are interested in going into shopping malls and shopping areas. Taking a look over the exchange rates we can observe they are quite unstable; this is leading to a positive trade balance of Turkey. This means that is easy to export rather than import, which we can take in consideration for a possible future expansion of our product in other countries. Income distribution in Turkey is still unfair, with basically few people owning the most of the money. We can take advantage of this situation, since our target market are the poor  and the needy, by competing with our low cost product and improving their life conditions. Overall Turkish economic environment is favorable to our purposes and we can expect the market of the hygiene industry to grow. Also, the increase of the economy can lead to untapped opportunities and to a growth of demand for ou r product. TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT: Trends, Opportunities and Threats The body hygiene products are not what they used to be. In the past, the cleansing agent was soap, which could dry out your scalp and leave a scum that doesn’t rinse away. Today technology for hair and body care products has changed, even though there is still a lot to be done. Which is exactly what we did by coming up with this product. For example, almost all shampoos and body hygiene products nowadays contain chemicals like silicones that give a hair and skin soft feel, and help it retain moisture. This is not healthy or natural and has negative effects. These days, people are more conscious about what goes on with their skin and hair because they know that using chemicals like silicones and alcohol has bad effects on skin, hair and general body health. Therefore, technological environment is also changing according to people’s demand more on healthier body hygiene products. Since technology for this industry is changing, and growing, we will use this opportunity and develop our healthy hair and body care product avoiding harmful chemicals.

Children Shouldnt Be Educated By Their Parents Education Essay

I agree with the sentiment that kids should ne'er be educated at place by their parents. This is based on the fact that, it is non a affair of traditional category the kids will be analyzing at place by their parents ; there are besides no higher recommendations signifiers from higher acquisition instruction, and kids will non be in a place to follow waies from their parents. As amateur of fact, it is really much important to direct childs to traditional schools. It is much of import to direct kids to traditional schools for them to win in their lives. Children Should Never Be Educated At Home by Their Parents As a affair of fact, kids ‘s instruction has become really much of import in the current times. As an consequence, there has been a het argument on whether kids need to be educated at place by there parents or non. In seeking to look into this affair, this paper tries to reason about if kids should be educated at place by their parents or non. Those suggesting for this gesture claim that, it is non a affair of traditional category the kids will be analyzing at place by their parents ; there are besides no higher recommendations signifiers from higher acquisition instruction, and kids will non be in a place to follow waies from their parents. As amateur of fact, it is really much important to direct childs to traditional schools, ( Educationalgateway.com, 2011 ) . As a affair of fact, the procedure of larning at place by parents is non traditional categories that childs learn from school. For illustration, male parents and female parents are non able to learn their childs all the clip. Traveling with the words of Judge Mangum said, â€Å" You ‘ve done good in place schooling, done a good occupation † ( Robbin, 2009 ) . On the other manus, he ordered that the childs should be placed in public schooling. Most persons hold a idea that, childs will make better in public schools as compared to place schooling. Regardless of the fact some childs go toing place schooling might be even in higher classs as compared to their age, such kids might non supply information to their parents. This is based on the fact ; most parents do non hold adequate instruction. In traditional categories, kids normally learn from teachers ; who have undergone through a certain instruction system and qualified for the occupation. Such like teachers have lesson programs, which is a really good planning for instruction, this is because, lesson programs provide a clear lineation wear how kids need to be educated. In add-on to that, such like teachers found in traditional schools are approved by higher acquisition plans, so they are certain of what they are learning, and the content of the lesson. By sing the morality of kids, it is much right to determine that, the issue of larning at place by parents has increased bad ethical motives and listening behaviours. The ground as to why most bookmans have concluded such a statement is that, most of the childs will non hold hold any regard when their parents order them to make one thing or the other. As a affair of fact, such bookmans have concluded that, it is far much of import to direct childs to traditional category, ( Gary, 2009 ) . The 2nd thing is that, [ the issue of larning at place by parents provided no recommendation from higher acquisition organic structure or organisation. It was said by on parent that, â€Å" It is my purpose to be a better influence on my kids than their favourite instructor! I want to be my kids ‘s hero! I want my kids to cognize that I may non cognize it all, but I will ALWAYS at least effort to happen the replies to whatever it is that is blighting their heads. And if my program goes good, they will be the same manner and ever seek more cognition! ! The universe is our schoolroom! ! † ( Robbin, 2009 ) for case, it is really important to advert that, parents might non be in a place of supplying research labs while at place. Comparing this with in category suites, where kids get to larn face to confront with their teachers, who ion of supplying practical categories. This is because traditional schools do hold research labs. Making affairs more worse for kids larning at p lace by their parents, such kids might non continue to higher acquisition establishments unless they go to traditional categories. To add on that, parents might non be holding an outside occupation to back up their households. As a consequence, they might be busy looking for other agencies of supplying to their kids, therefore take really small clip in learning their kids. Some people have revealed that, every kid can merely have quality instruction from school other than at place by his or her parents, ( Lena, 2011 ) . The 3rd issue is that, research has place that, kids will non take waies given by their parents, when they are being taught by their parents. It is true that, most childs disobey their parents and oppose them excessively. Mangum said that â€Å" public school will fix these childs for the existent universe and college ; be able to besides hold socialisation. † ( Bart, 2009 ) Apart from filed trips, good ample socialisation clip, and existent universe readyings, childs will be provided with other good chances in traditional schools. At this cyberspace epoch, kids will merely listen and does their ain work, as an consequence, childs will disregard what their parents state them to make. To add on what had already been stated, kids will non be making their assignment. In contrary to this point of immorality and hearing, in traditional categories, it is obligatory for kids to follow what their teachers instruct them to make. And a consequence, childs will be making all assignments assigned to them by their teachers in school. Different surveies have hence concluded that, kids will larn faster through their teachers, as they will be good hearers and morally unsloped, ( Robbin, 2009 ) . Inclusion, based on assorted points that have been discussed in the chief organic structure, I agree with the point that, kids should ne'er be educated at place by Their Parents, it is much of import to direct kids to traditional schools for them to win in their lives.

Art Notes

Crytek Art Notes [Company Name] [Street Address] [City, ST ZIP Code] [Recipient Name] Art Notes [Hotel Name] [Street Address] [City, ST ZIP Code] Dear [Recipient Name]: I am a frequent traveler and have been a loyal customer of your hotel for many years because I appreciate your emphasis on value and excellent service. Yet a recent episode at your hotel has made me question my loyalty. [Describe your experience. For example: I stayed in your Lilburn, Georgia, hotel, room 203, from Monday, September 1 through Thursday, September 4.Throughout my stay my towels were consistently dirty and the bathroom plumbing was faulty. To make matters worse, one of my neighbors was extremely loud and entertained visitors until 3:00 AM. I complained to the front desk manager and requested another room but was told there were no other rooms available. No one from the hotel spoke to the noisy guest on my behalf. Despite my repeated complaints, it was not until the third day of my stay that the plumbing was fixed and my towels refreshed.Because of the noise, I was unable to sleep comfortably for two nights, and hence, my business meetings were far more stressful than they needed to be. ] I am writing to encourage you to improve your customer service. It is extremely distressing for a loyal, frequent traveler to experience such poor service. I enjoy staying at your hotel for a number of reasons. Overall the atmosphere makes me feel as comfortable, as if I were at home. I hate having my positive feelings about your hotel ruined by one visit. I hope this problem will be corrected prior to my next visit. Sincerely, Crytek

Development of Multimedia Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Development of Multimedia Resources - Essay Example From the discussion it is clear that  the idea of the activity is to promote and polish the English language in children, focusing more on writing. According to the National Curriculum, students should be able to use wide-ranging vocabulary, structure and organize events, demonstrate the use of a coherent structure in writing, bring about variations in the text according to the situation illustrated, convert ideas into textual form. The learning resource will help the student to become better at creating imaginary worlds, understand text and use their background knowledge in relating the text with the older situation. Moreover it would encourage students to comprehend that texts having similar topics present information in various ways or may contain different information. The resources will also promote the concentration ability of the students.As the study  stresses it needs to be emphasized that these objectives are not represented individually in each activity; rather listeni ng, reading and writing are integrated in the activity.  The Powerpoint presentation is intended for students and hence needs to be colourful in order to appeal to them. The design of the template is Oriel from the themes provided by Powerpoint 2007. The font selected was Comic Sans MS since it has an informal look to it. Pictures are added to give more effect to the learning resource.  The students will be given a list of words and they are required to make funny sentences.   The words can be displayed in attractive colours and in colourful frames. The words are going to include cry, flying, floating, soap, my, goals, load, try, coat, croak, sky, toast, boots, night and dry. Children are encouraged to use rhyming words in the sentences. An example can be given to illustrate the point e.g. â€Å"I've got a cat who sits on a mat and he wears a hat† (BBC Home 2011). There are 15 words in total. They can be divided into three groups since making 15 sentences can become ted ious for the children. 2. Identifying sentences Students can be given a list of sentences and can be asked if it is a sentence or not. The slide will first explain what a sentence is: â€Å"A sentence is a group of words that makes sense on its own. It must have a verb and it must start with a capital letter and end in a full stop, exclamation mark or question mark† (BBC). The slide will also give an example of what a sentence should be like, highlighting the capital letter, verb and the full stop etc. E.g. He likes to study mathematics. Anne

Community Health Nursing- Transgender Children Assignment

Community Health Nursing- Transgender Children - Assignment Example It is imperative to note that such children face a lot of criticism in the community as they grow up. Most peers starts observing the physical changes that do not correlate to others. in such circumstances, these children get discriminated during play, and they tend to isolate themselves to avoid exposing their biological sexual organs. The ultimate result is depression that may lead to suicidal ideation among these individuals. There are some ethical dilemmas that the parents and the community face while dealing with these children. For example, as the child reaches school going age the parents get confused which type of clothes to wear to their children. Moreover, the name that the child wants to be identified with is different from the biological sexual organ. All these bring challenges in the psychological aspect of these individual because what they feel is not what is real to others. Parents may tend to give hormonal replacement therapy to help the child possess those characteristics he/she wants. However, the hormones pose a significant health risk since it can lead to permanent complications and may be death. Sexual and gender roles may be a challenge when these individuals grow up, and some cultures may reject them because of doing things that their gender should not do. The best remedy for these problems is early identity and counselling of the parents to give full support to the young children. Additionally, the parents should allow the children to grow on the gender they feel like. The community should be sensitised to understand these individual and offer them the supports they

Conquest of Mexico by Spanish Conquistadors Essay

Conquest of Mexico by Spanish Conquistadors - Essay Example He offered men who served under him significant training and discipline, allowing them to operate as a unified soldiers’ unit. In addition, he ensured to burn his ships to ensure that retreat was not possible for his men (Taylor). Cortes was aware of Aztecs, realizing that they together with Montezuma II, who served as their leader, served as the key driving forces of Mexico. As such, Cortes was driven by the urge to rule over them. While marching through Mexico, he experienced several natives referred to as Tlaxcala, who served as Aztecs’ enemies. In this case, this group served as a vital ally during his Tenochtitlan siege, which was then the capital city of Aztec. Without the knowledge of Cortes, Aztec’s prophecy coincided with his arrival. Quetzalcoatl, who was the god of Aztec, who they are associated with the creation human life was about to come back to earth. Since Montezuma thought that Cortes was Quetzalcoatl, they welcomed him while showing him great h onor. Montezuma sent various representatives to welcome Cortes as he approached. The light skin of the Spaniards while riding horses amazed the Aztecs, which they considered as beasts having six legs and two heads. To intimidate as well as stun the natives further, the Spanish fired gunshots. On entry to the city, Spanish soldiers together with the Tlaxcalans dismissed it, taking Montezuma hostage. With the assistance of Dona Marina, Cortes managed to influence Montezuma to facilitate in ruling Tenochtitlan while using him.

Competitive advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Competitive advantage - Essay Example If the workers end up producing products that are below quality expectations, then their pays are reduced accordingly. This helps to promote a sense of owning the company’s operations and workers are given a datum to define how their roles affect the company’s outcomes. While Nucor does promote ownership and a greater sense of responsibility but all individuals might not eye the situation on the same footing. Some workers may be disappointed when they discover the blunt side of Nucor’s policy and may rush to other jobs where a fixed salary structure is available. Moreover, certain people in Nucor’s work environment may cause problems for others in an attempt to be more productive. Problems may include workplace politicisation, espionage etc. though this is a remote possibility. Primarily Nucor relies on an innovative payment package for the baseline workers as an incentive. Workers are paid by the hour for fixed salary plus bonuses. Moreover, the company shares its profits with these workers too. This makes Nucor one of the best paymasters in the market. There are no unions at Nucor although Nucor does not discourage unions. Similarly, Nucor has placed the names of its workers in its financial report in order to recognise their services. The pays for workers and executives is nearly the same as the workers can earn a lot while the executives are not paid excessively. Moreover, the executives are not given any benefits or perks just like the workers. This helps to promote equality which serves as an incentive too. Nucor should not try to hire temporary, part time or virtual workers to get their job done. The biggest power that Nucor has over its employees is their sense of ownership of the entire process at Nucor. This applies equally well to both workers and executives alike. The associations formed with the company have helped Nucor grow over the years. Expecting temporarily placed workers to do the same is unrealistic. Using